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In the present study, we showed that the molecular mechanism of thimerosal induced apoptosis in U937 cells. Thimerosal was shown to be responsible for the inhibition of U937 cells growth by inducing apoptosis. Treatment with 2.5\u20135 \u00b5M thimerosal but not thiosalicylic acid (structural analog of thimerosal devoid of mercury) for 12 h produced apoptosis, G<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/M phase arrest, and DNA fragmentation in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Treatment with caspase inhibitor significantly reduced thimerosal\u2010induced caspase 3 activation. In addition, thimerosal\u2010induced apoptosis was attenuated by antioxidant Mn (III) meso\u2010tetrakis (4\u2010benzoic acid) porphyrin (Mn\u2010TBAP). These data indicate that the cytotoxic effect of thimerosal on U937 cells is attributable to the induced apoptosis and that thimerosal\u2010induced apoptosis is mediated by reactive oxygen species generation and caspase\u20103 activation. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.20202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T06:27:26Z","timestamp":1146464846000},"page":"657-666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Thimerosal induces apoptosis and G<sub>2<\/sub>\/M phase arrest in human leukemia cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Kyung Jin","family":"Woo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae\u2010Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae 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