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Using single\u2010cell RNA sequencing (scRNA\u2010seq) of ascites cells from five patients with ovarian cancer, we identified seven cell types, including heterogeneous macrophages and ovarian cancer cells. We resolved a distinct polarization state of macrophages by MacSpectrum analysis and observed subtype\u2010specific enrichment of pathways associated with their functions. The communication between immune and cancer cells was predicted through a putative ligand\u2013receptor pair analysis using NicheNet. We found that CCL5, a chemotactic ligand, is enriched in immune cells (T cells and NK cells) and mediates ovarian cancer cell survival in the ascites, possibly through SDC4. Moreover, SDC4 expression correlated with poor overall survival in ovarian cancer patients. Our study highlights the potential role of T cells and NK cells in long\u2010term survival patients with ovarian cancer, indicating SDC4 as a potential prognostic marker in ovarian cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T18:11:18Z","timestamp":1615831878000},"page":"297-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Computational modeling of malignant ascites reveals CCL5\u2013SDC4 interaction in the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Soochi","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngjin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se Ik","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HyunA","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Untack","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woong\u2010Yang","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samsung Genome Institute Samsung Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine Sungkyunkwan University  Suwon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Rando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Paul F. 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