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Parthenolide's antitumor activities depend on several mechanisms but it is mainly known as an inhibitor of the nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB (NF\u2010\u03baB) pathway. This pathway is constitutively activated and induces cell survival in primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), a rare aggressive AIDS\u2010related lymphoproliferative disorder that is commonly caused by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV\u20108) infection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the targeted effect of Parthenolide both in vitro and in vivo. Herein, parthenolide significantly inhibited cell growth, induced G<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\/G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> cell cycle arrest, and induced massive apoptosis in PEL cells and ascites. In addition, parthenolide inhibited the NF\u2010\u0138B pathway suppressing I\u0138B phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation. It also reduced the expression of the DNA methylase inhibitor (DNMT1). Parthenolide induced HHV\u20108 lytic gene expression without inhibiting latent viral gene expression. Importantly, DMAPT, the more soluble parthenolide prodrug, promoted delay in ascites development and prolonged the survival of PEL xenograft mice. This study supports the therapeutic use of parthenolide in PEL and encourages its further clinical development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T11:52:16Z","timestamp":1623239536000},"page":"567-581","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Anticancer activities of parthenolide in primary effusion lymphoma preclinical models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Louna","family":"Karam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, GSBT Laboratory, R. 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