{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T04:04:46Z","timestamp":1783483486566,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012283","name":"Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG6L0161\u20103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG6L0161\u20103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Carcinogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Malnutrition has been reported to be associated with reduced survival and deficient anticancer immunity, and undernourishment is a frequent comorbidity in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between nutritional status and immunologic factors, and its prognostic value for HNC. We retrospectively reviewed 212 HNC patients who had undergone a nutrition evaluation based on the Patient\u2010Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG\u2010SGA) and curative radiotherapy (RT). The role of nutritional status in the prognosis of HNC and its correlation with anticancer immune response was assessed in HNC patients, and in the 4\u2010nitroquinoline 1\u2010oxide (4NQO)\u2010induced tongue tumor animal model. Our data revealed that malnutrition (high PG\u2010SGA scores) was significantly associated with more advanced disease, lower body mass index, lower RT completion rates, and reduced survival. Patients in the group with high PG\u2010SGA scores had a higher neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio, higher proportion of myeloid\u2010derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and elevated IL\u20106 levels in the peripheral circulation. Patients with increased PG\u2010SGA scores following treatment were more likely to developing locoregional failure. In the 4NQO\u2010induced tumor model, nutritional supplementation decreased the rate of invasive tumor formation and attenuated the immune\u2010suppressive microenvironment. Following ectopic tumor implantation in an immunocompetent host, nutrition supplements decreased tumor growth in association with attenuated MDSC recruitment and lower IL\u20106 expression. In conclusion, malnutrition by PG\u2010SGA was associated with poor prognosis in HNC patients. Based on the data of HNC patients and the 4NQO\u2010tumor model, adequate nutritional supplementation might improve the prognosis associated with augmented anticancer immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T15:19:50Z","timestamp":1685719190000},"page":"1388-1398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The relationship of nutritional status with anticancer immunity and its prognostic value for head and neck cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0932-0388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miao\u2010Fen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Yen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi Chiayi Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi Chiayi Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching\u2010Chuan","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi Chiayi 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