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In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of a cohort comprising 39 BCa patients treated with PD\u20101 and 169 patients who underwent radical cystectomy at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital. Kaplan\u2013Meier curves and Cox regression analysis showed that the prognosis of patients with high UA is worse (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007), and high UA is an independent risk factor for cancer specific survival in patients with BCa (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025). We established a hyperuricemia mouse model with BCa subcutaneous xenografts in vivo. The results revealed that the subcutaneous tumors of hyperuricemia mice had a greater weight and volume in comparison with the control group. Through flow cytometric analysis, the proportion of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in these subcutaneous tumors was seen to decline significantly. We also evaluated the relationship of UA and BCa by muti\u2010omic analysis. UA related genes were significantly increased in the CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell of non\u2010responders to immunotherapy by single\u2010cell sequencing. An 11\u2010gene UA related signature was constructed and the risk score negatively correlated with various immune cells and immune checkpoints. Finally, a nomogram was established using a UA related signature to forecast the survival rate of patients with BCa. Collectively, this study demonstrated that UA was an independent prognostic biomarker for BCa and was associated with worse immunotherapy response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T11:45:41Z","timestamp":1701258341000},"page":"461-478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Can uric acid affect the immune microenvironment in bladder cancer? 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