{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T06:45:36Z","timestamp":1747464336243},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,19]],"date-time":"2006-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5313,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Carcinogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent evidence suggests that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010activator gene (<jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic>) has transforming properties and may be a causative factor in the development of certain types of cancers, in particular Kaposi's sarcoma (i.e., Vogel J. et al. <jats:italic>Nature<\/jats:italic> 335:606\u2013611, 1988). To help elucidate the potential role or roles of the HIV <jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic> gene in neoplastic transformation, cell lines were constructed that constitutively express a functional tat gene product. HeLa cells were coelectroporated with two plasmids, one containing the HIV tat gene in an expression cassette and another containing the dominant selectable marker gene xanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (XGPRT). After XGPRT selection, single\u2010cell clones that expressed a functional tat protein were identified by measuring chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity after electroporating a plasmid containing the CAT gene transcriptionally controlled by HIV <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010activation\u2010responsive region (<jats:italic>tar<\/jats:italic>). Phenotypic alterations resulting from the expression of tat were then determined. Control cells and <jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic>\u2010expressing cells grew at similar rates in culture. However, when grown as tumors in nude mice, <jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic>\u2010expressing cells produced a lower percentage of tumors, and the tumors that were produced either regressed, stopped growing, or grew at a very reduced rate compared with cells not expressing tat. These differences may have resulted from a <jats:italic>tat<\/jats:italic>\u2010associated reduction in neovascularization in the tumors. A comparison of total cellular proteins by two\u2010dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated only one reproducible alteration in a polypeptide of approximately 44 kDa and p1 of approximately 6.2 associated with tat expression. These cells may be very useful in future in vitro and in vivo studies designed to examine the effects of HIV tat on endothelial and vascular smooth\u2010muscle cells and the role of tat in the etiology of Kaposi's sarcoma. \u00a9 1992 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.2940050410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T20:11:45Z","timestamp":1172088705000},"page":"293-300","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Alterations in tumor angiogenesis associated with stable expression of the HIV <i>tat<\/i> gene"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Brian E.","family":"Huber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia A.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Louise","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1088-52"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(85)90189-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.2.9.1055"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90279-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2990041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2990040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.63.1.1-8.1989","article-title":"Structural and functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus tat protein","volume":"63","author":"Ruben S","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/320367a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90017-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(85)80062-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.62.3.673-679.1988","article-title":"Mutational analysis of the trans\u2010activation\u2010responsive region of the human immunodeficiency virus type I long terminal repeat","volume":"62","author":"Hauber J","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.8.6.2555"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90129-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.18.6925"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.3.1402-1406.1990","article-title":"Structural requirements for trans\u2010activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat\u2010directed gene expression by tat: Importance of base pairing, loop sequence, and bulges in the tat\u2010responsive sequence","volume":"64","author":"Roy S","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/330489a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.3.4.547"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/345640a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90121-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90120-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/335606a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/345084a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.23.8642"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.4.2072"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","first-page":"2382","article-title":"Comparison of gene expression in preneoplastic and neoplastic rat liver to adult, fetal, regenerating, and tumor\u2010promoted liver","volume":"48","author":"Huber BE","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.18.8039"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","first-page":"4322","article-title":"Tumorigenicity and transcriptional modulation of c\u2010myc and N\u2010ras oncogenes in a human hepatoma cell line","volume":"45","author":"Huber BE","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Expression and phenotypic alterations caused by an inducible transforming ras oncogene introduced into rat liver epithelial cells","volume":"3","author":"Huber BE","year":"1988","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(81)80010-2","article-title":"Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma syndrome in young homosexual men","volume":"5","author":"Friedman\u2010Kein AE","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","first-page":"1518","article-title":"Prevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma among patients with AIDS","volume":"312","author":"Haverkos HW","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-103-5-744"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"The expression of endothetial cell\u2010surface antigens by AIDS\u2010associated Kaposi's sarcoma: Evidence for a vascular endothelial cell origin","volume":"122","author":"Rutgers JL","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910420523"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711240305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","first-page":"93","article-title":"AIDS\u2010associated Kaposi's sarcoma: A molecular model for its pathogenesis","volume":"1","author":"Ensoli B","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer Cells"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.16.5660"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3262925"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","first-page":"372","article-title":"Constitutive expression of HIV\u20101 tat protein in human Jurkat T cells using a BK virus vector","volume":"3","author":"Caputo A","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03405.x","article-title":"Continued expression of HPV\u201016 E7 protein is required for maintenance of the transformed phenotype of cells co\u2010transformed by HPV\u201016 plus EJ\u2010rcs","volume":"8","author":"Crook T","year":"1989","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","first-page":"3780","article-title":"Correlation of modified human papilloma virus early gene expression with altered growth properties in C4\u20131 cervical carcinoma cells","volume":"48","author":"von Knebel Doeberitz M","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res"}],"container-title":["Molecular Carcinogenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmc.2940050410","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mc.2940050410","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T06:42:21Z","timestamp":1698129741000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mc.2940050410"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mc.2940050410"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mc.2940050410","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-1987","1098-2744"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-1987","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2744","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}}}