{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T10:48:30Z","timestamp":1792406910710,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]],"date-time":"2006-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4310,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Carcinogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synergy between exposure to chemical carcinogens (nitrosamines) and infestation with the liver fluke <jats:italic>Opisthorchis viverrini<\/jats:italic> has been demonstrated in a hamster model of hepatocarcinogenesis (Flavell et al., Carcinogenesis 4:927\u2013930, 1983; Thamavit et al., Carcinogenesis 8:1351\u20131353, 1987). to elucidate the mechanisms of this interaction we tested the hypothesis that liver parasitism might influence the expression and activity of carcinogen metabolizing enzymes. We found that one, and perhaps more, hamster liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes immunorelated to mouse CYP2A5 contributed up to 50 or 60% of the hepatic aflatoxin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>(AFB) and <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) metabolism, respectively. As inferred from average enzyme activities and from western blot, immunoinhibition, and substrate (coumarin) inhibition analyses, <jats:italic>O. viverrini<\/jats:italic> infestation increased the expression of enzymes detectable by anti\u2010CYP2A5 antibody as well as NDEA metabolism in male but not in female hamsters. Immunohistochemical analysis of CYP2A expression by anti\u2010mouse CYP2A5 antibody demonstrated that the <jats:italic>O. viverrini<\/jats:italic>\u2010associated increase was not uniformly distributed throughout the lever but occurred in hepatocytes immediately adjacent to areas of inflammation. Immunohistochemical analysis of AFB\u2010DNA adducts in the livers of <jats:italic>O. viverrini<\/jats:italic>\u2010infested hamsters treated with AFB showed that the highest levels of adducts were found in the regions of liver where hepatocellular expression of enzymes detectable by anti\u2010CYP2A5 antibody is induced. These results suggest that a high local expression of CYP isozymes in <jats:italic>O. viverrini<\/jats:italic>\u2010infested livers could be a contributing risk factor in the development of liver cancers associated with paraitic hepatitis. \u00a91994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.2940110205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T20:48:51Z","timestamp":1172090931000},"page":"81-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Association of liver fluke (<i>Opisthorchis viverrini<\/i>) infestation with increased expression of cytochrome p450 and carcinogen metabolism in male hamster liver<sup>1,2<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Gordon M.","family":"Kirby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Pelkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanchai","family":"Vatanasapt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Marie","family":"Camus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Wild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti A.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700720130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"215","article-title":"Hepatic carcinoma and opisthorchiasis","volume":"9","author":"Sonakul D","year":"1978","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1992.tb01035.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"81","article-title":"Studies on Opisthorchis viverrini in Thailand","volume":"62","author":"Sadun EH","year":"1955","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90159-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1988.tb01394.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910480302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1978.27.787"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"4634","article-title":"Effects of dimethylnitrosamine on induction of cholangiocarcinoma in Opisthorchis viverrini\u2010infected Syrian golden hamsters","volume":"38","author":"Thamavit W","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1982.313"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1988.tb00054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/4.7.927"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/8.9.1351"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0027-5107(94)90245-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910480606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.2940110204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/10.6.1099"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.2940070410"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.21.8306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","unstructured":"PelkonenP KirbyGM WildCP BartschH LangM.Metabolism of nitrosamines and aflatoxins B1by hamster liver CYP2A enzymes. 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