{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T15:16:47Z","timestamp":1764688607422},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]],"date-time":"2006-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4310,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Carcinogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mutations in Ha\u2010<jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic>, and n\u2010<jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic>N<jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> genes in squamous and basal cell carcinomas in patients with xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) were examined by the polymerase chain reaction followed by single\u2010strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct base sequencing. No mutation was detected in codons 12, 13, and 61 of the <jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> genes in XP skin tumors. This was in contrast with previous findings of a high frequency of mutation in the <jats:italic>p53<\/jats:italic> gene in skin tumors in XP patients. A novel mutation in codon 6 of the ki\u2010<jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> gene was detected in a squamous cell carcinoma. The mutation was a C\u2192T transtion at a dipyrimidine (5\u2032\u2010CT) sequence and could have been produced by solar ultraviolet light. The mutated <jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> gene did not have the ability to transform NIH\/3T3 cells. In three tumors, multiple base substitutions were detected in exon 1 of the Ki\u2010<jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> and N\u2010<jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> genes. These results and our previous work on <jats:italic>p53<\/jats:italic> gene mutations suggest that mutations in <jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> genes are far less frequent than in the <jats:italic>p53<\/jats:italic> gene in the skin tumors in XP patients and that <jats:italic>ras<\/jats:italic> genes are less important in skin tumorigenesis in XP patients that is the <jats:italic>p53<\/jats:italic> gene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.2940110207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T20:48:51Z","timestamp":1172090931000},"page":"98-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Far less frequent mutations in <i>ras<\/i> genes than in the <i>p53<\/i> gene in skin tumors of xeroderma pigmentosum patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chikako","family":"Nishigori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Zghal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Yagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiraku","family":"Takebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-80-2-221"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660260111026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/218652a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.21.8273"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113248"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"3177","article-title":"Analysis 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