{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T14:08:58Z","timestamp":1778854138121,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Carcinogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Oral administration of broccoli constituent sulforaphane (SFN) prevents prostate cancer development in preclinical mouse models. However, the mechanism(s) underlying prostate cancer prevention by SFN are not fully understood. In this study, we used a human relevant mouse model (Hi\u2010Myc mice) to demonstrate restoration of immune surveillance by oral SFN administration. Treatment of Hi\u2010Myc mice with SFN for 16 weeks resulted in about 1.33\u2010fold increase in the number of prostate tumor\u2010infiltrating CD8\u03b1\u2009+\u2009T cells (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.02 by Student's\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010test). The number of CD4+ helper T cells was not affected by SFN treatment. The number of CD11c\/MHCII+ dendritic cells was increased by about 57% upon SFN administration. On the other hand, the number of NKp46+ natural killer cells was not significantly affected by SFN treatment. Oral administration of SFN resulted in about 30% decrease in the number of Gr1\/CD11b+ myeloid\u2010derived suppressor cells in the prostate tumor when compared to control mice. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)\u22121\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20104, IL\u20105, IL\u201010, and C\u2010X\u2010C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2 or MIP\u20102) were statistically significantly lower in SFN\u2010treated mice when compared to control mice. Treatment of recurrent prostate cancer patients with 200\u2009\u03bcmol\/day of SFN\u2010rich broccoli sprout extract for 20 weeks also caused a statistically significant decrease in plasma levels of IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20104, and IL\u201013. Cell proliferation inhibition by SFN in vitro was partially but significantly attenuated by IL\u20104 and IL\u201013 supplementation in 22Rv1 cells. These results indicate restoration of immune surveillance by oral SFN treatment in Hi\u2010Myc mouse model.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.70106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T20:10:36Z","timestamp":1773087036000},"page":"677-686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Restoration of Immune Surveillance in Prostate Cancer Prevention by Sulforaphane in Hi\u2010Myc Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Krishna B.","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun\u2010Ryeong","family":"Hahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshi J.","family":"Alumkal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rogel Cancer Center University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shivendra V.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"UPMC Hillman Cancer Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40495-015-0034-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.70043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2018.0024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1497566"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"631","article-title":"Sulforaphane and Its Metabolite Mediate Growth Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Prostate Cancer Cells","volume":"20","author":"Chiao J. W.","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02652.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412443200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313538200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-06-0807"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-0139"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25541"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgz155"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgy051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2012.05.020"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"949","article-title":"Potent Induction of Phase 2 Enzymes in Human Prostate Cells by Sulforaphane","volume":"10","author":"Brooks J. D.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention: A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0250"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24086979"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgg178"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgl144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-09-0104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0908908106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208656"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"Sulforaphane Retards the Growth of Human PC\u20103 Xenografts and Inhibits HDAC Activity in Human Subjects","volume":"232","author":"Myzak M. C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, NJ)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-3502"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-0755"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-009-9948-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-25-0488"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-020-01553-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-014-0189-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgg023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01048-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3839"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-024-00859-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2024.2378520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00846-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40495-014-0002-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbior.2018.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990180407"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.589818"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.1.5.161"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","first-page":"4595","article-title":"Interleukin\u20104 in Patients With Prostate Cancer","volume":"25","author":"Takeshi U.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.24025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oncsis.2017.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1701"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20789"}],"container-title":["Molecular Carcinogenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mc.70106","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mc.70106","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mc.70106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T13:18:27Z","timestamp":1778851107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mc.70106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mc.70106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mc.70106","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-1987","1098-2744"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-1987","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2744","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}