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Retina percepts visual information and triggers myopia development, but the underlying etiology is not fully understood because of cellular heterogeneity. In this study, single\u2010cell RNA sequencing analysis was performed on retinas of mouse highly myopic and control eyes to dissect the involvement of each cell type during high myopia progression. For highly myopic photoreceptors,\n                    <jats:italic>Hk2<\/jats:italic>\n                    inhibition underlying metabolic remodeling from aerobic glycolysis toward oxidative phosphorylation and excessive oxidative stress was identified. Importantly, a novel\n                    <jats:italic>Apoe<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    rod subpopulation was specifically identified in highly myopic retina. In retinal neurons of highly myopic eyes, neurodegeneration was generally discovered, and the imbalanced ON\/OFF signaling driven by cone\u2010bipolar cells and the downregulated dopamine receptors in amacrine cells were among the most predominant findings, indicating the aberrant light processing in highly myopic eyes. Besides, microglia exhibited elevated expression of cytokines and TGF\u2010\u03b2 receptors, suggesting enhanced responses to inflammation and the growth\u2010promoting states involved in high myopia progression. Furthermore, cell\u2013cell communication network revealed attenuated neuronal interactions and increased glial\/vascular interactions in highly myopic retinas. In conclusion, this study outlines the transcriptional landscape of highly myopic retina, providing novel insights into high myopia development and prevention.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T01:42:05Z","timestamp":1695260525000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Single\u2010cell RNA sequencing of retina revealed novel transcriptional landscape in high myopia and underlying cell\u2010type\u2010specific mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Yunqian","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye &amp; ENT Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Myopia Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences National Health Center Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University)  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology  Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology  Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing 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