{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:08:32Z","timestamp":1788480512115,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82100481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82100481"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371817"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371817"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81671611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81300707"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81300707"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MedComm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Atherosclerosis remains the primary driver of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. A pivotal event in its pathogenesis is the phenotypic conversion of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), particularly the transition from a contractile to a macrophage\u2010like state. Using a murine model of atherosclerosis, we demonstrate that this process is orchestrated by a progressively disrupted perivascular immune milieu characterized by an expansion of CD44\u207a memory CD4\u207a T cells at the expense of CD44\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    naive CD4\u207a T cells. Within this niche, CD44\u207a natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) actively promote VSMCs macrophage\u2010like reprogramming, whereas their CD44\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    counterparts exert an opposing, protective effect. Reciprocally, macrophage\u2010like VSMCs foster the trans\u2010differentiation of nTregs into pathogenic Th17 cells, amplifying vascular inflammation. In contrast, induced Treg cells (iTregs) display phenotypic stability and potently inhibit VSMCs macrophage\u2010like switching, restrict pathological VSMCs migration, and curtail VSMCs survival. Systemic infusion of iTregs selectively remodels the perivascular immune microenvironment toward an antiatherogenic profile. Adoptive transfer of iTregs at early disease stages decreased the abundance of macrophage\u2010like VSMCs, attenuated plaque burden, and these benefits were partially mediated by transforming growth factor \u03b2 signaling. Collectively, iTreg\u2010based cellular therapy represents a promising strategy to intercept VSMCs macrophage\u2010like transformation and limit atherosclerotic progression.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T07:00:16Z","timestamp":1761202816000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Infusion of Induced Regulatory T Cells Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Reducing Pathological Macrophage\u2010Like Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ximei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology School of Cell and Gene Therapy Songjiang Research Institute and Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to the Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesheng","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinghui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoshun","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou 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