{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T21:01:57Z","timestamp":1794258117299,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":338,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MedComm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Inflammatory diseases, encompassing conditions like inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis, present a significant clinical challenge with substantial treatment\u2010refractory patient populations despite biologic therapy advances. Stem cell therapeutics have emerged as a transformative approach, leveraging multifaceted regenerative mechanisms to address the complex pathophysiology of these conditions, which involves genetic, microbial, immunological, and epithelial dysregulation. This review focuses on comparing the clinical efficacy of contemporary stem cell strategies. We analyze outcomes across diverse cell sources, with a detailed examination of delivery methodologies. Our systematic analysis demonstrates superior efficacy with targeted delivery systems, particularly in managing localized inflammatory lesions (e.g., fistulas) and tissue restoration. Notably, minimally processed cellular interventions, such as autologous fat grafting and stromal vascular fraction therapy, show unexpected therapeutic promise. Critical translational barriers include suboptimal cell homing, limited engraftment persistence, and uncharacterized long\u2010term safety profiles. We propose strategic solutions through induced pluripotent stem cell platforms, precision genetic modifications, and advanced delivery technologies. By integrating mechanistic insights with robust clinical evidence, this review establishes an evidence\u2010based framework for optimizing stem cell therapeutics in inflammatory disease management. The analysis addresses fundamental scalability and safety considerations while identifying promising avenues for personalized regenerative medicine approaches in treatment\u2010refractory inflammatory conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T07:30:28Z","timestamp":1770103828000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Stem Cell Therapy for Inflammatory Diseases: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Ping","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu\u2010Qiang","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2150-473X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u2010Min","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4817"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-023-05346-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19290-3","article-title":"Age\u2010Standardized Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality Rates of Autoimmune Diseases in Adolescents and Young Adults (15\u201039 years): An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"24","author":"Zhao M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health [Electronic Resource]"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i9.1142"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224762"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2002697"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-023-01950-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32285"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1165-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00009.2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy503"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32129"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2021.103427"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-022-01650-5","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell\u2010Derived Exosomes in Cancer Therapy Resistance: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Potential","volume":"21","author":"Lin Z.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Treatment of Systemic and Organ\u2010Specific Autoimmune Disease in Mice by Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation","volume":"229","author":"Ikehara S.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Progress in Clinical and Biological Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.6.3119","article-title":"Requirement of Donor\u2010Derived Stromal Cells in the Bone Marrow for Successful Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation. 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