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Human\u2013robot collaboration (HRC) offers a more realistic path: clinicians retain judgment and responsibility, while robots and AI support sensing, planning, action, and decision\u2010making within defined task boundaries. In this narrative review, we examine recent advances in clinical HRC from a systems perspective, covering system architecture, learning and control, safety mechanisms, autonomy assessment, and real\u2010world deployment. We propose a dual\u2010brain framework, comprising a professional brain for clinical reasoning and decision support, and a physical brain for embodied sensing, planning, and task execution. Using examples from imaging, rehabilitation, surgery, and outpatient care, we argue that clinical autonomy is developing in stages from clinician\u2010supervised imaging and decision support to bounded robotic subtasks and workflow\u2010level coordination, instead of through unsupervised replacement of healthcare professionals. 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