{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T07:10:09Z","timestamp":1790061009693,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC2001901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC2001901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L222100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L222100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MedComm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Postoperative delirium (POD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are serious complications in older patients undergoing surgery, yet predictive model development is often constrained by single\u2010center data limitations and privacy concerns that preclude centralized data sharing. To address these challenges, we retrospectively evaluated a simulated federated learning (FL) framework using multicenter datasets partitioned by hospital source, without sharing raw patient data across centers. A total of 7,216 non\u2010cardiac, non\u2010neurosurgical patients aged 65 years or older were included across five centers, with four contributing training data and one serving as an external validation site. Using a multilayer perceptron architecture, we implemented three federated algorithms and benchmarked them against local learning models (LLMs) and centralized learning models (CLMs). For POD, federated learning models (FLMs) achieved internal area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.725\u20100.726 and external AUCs of 0.700\u20100.701. For AKI, internal AUCs reached 0.780 and external AUCs ranged from 0.740 to 0.741. FLM performance was statistically comparable to CLMs (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; 0.05). These findings support federated learning as a feasible privacy\u2010preserving strategy that achieved discrimination comparable to centralized learning for multicenter prediction of postoperative complications in older patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T12:07:16Z","timestamp":1787400436000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multicenter Privacy\u2010Preserving Federated Models for Predicting Postoperative Delirium and Acute Kidney Injury in Older Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"Chinese PLA Medical School  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Perioperative Multimodal Digital Intelligence\u2010Integrated Diagnosis and Treatment Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010xiang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Perioperative Multimodal Digital Intelligence\u2010Integrated Diagnosis and Treatment Beijing China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010dong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing\u2010wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Medical School, Tianjin University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui\u2010zhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010dong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing\u2010sheng","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing 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