{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:45:01Z","timestamp":1792043101758,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470363"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MedComm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiovascular\u2013kidney\u2013metabolic (CKM) multimorbidity is common among patients with heart failure (HF), but its prognostic impact in Chinese patients remains largely unclear. We examined the relationship of CKM multimorbidity with adverse outcomes and its interaction with guideline\u2010directed medical therapy (GDMT) in patients with HF. We classified hospitalized patients with HF by CKM\u2010condition count (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [ASCVD], chronic kidney disease [CKD], and type 2 diabetes [T2D]). Cox models assessed 1\u2010year all\u2010cause death, cardiovascular (CV) death, and rehospitalizations. Among patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), subgroup analyses were conducted by GDMT use. Among 126,524 patients, 66.4% had at least one CKM condition and 5.1% had all three. All\u2010cause death increased with CKM burden; three conditions conferred the highest risk (adjusted hazard ratio 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.20\u20132.69) versus no CKM conditions. Associations were stronger in HFrEF. Although GDMT recipients had lower absolute death rates, associations of CKM multimorbidity with all outcomes were generally consistent regardless of GDMT use. CKM multimorbidity is common in Chinese patients hospitalized with HF and is associated with a worse prognosis. Although GDMT lowered absolute death rates, it did not substantially modify the relative associations between CKM multimorbidity and subsequent clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.71008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:36:57Z","timestamp":1790149017000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiovascular\u2013Kidney\u2013Metabolic Overlaps, Clinical Outcomes, and Medications Among Patients With Heart Failure: Results From the Chinese Cardiovascular Association Database\u2013Heart Failure Center Registry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Xiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingkuo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubi","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research Beijing Anzhen Hospital Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuyang","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenxi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenguang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weimin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yugang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingmin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiefu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2023.3241"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3304"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2023.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1795"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1818"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2019.5108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CP9.0000000000000073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13954"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00408-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21354"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1615"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2013.250"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15420\/ecr.2021.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi499"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2654"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1793"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy293"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42399-020-00426-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CP9.0000000000000114"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad619"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.155931"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","first-page":"e895","article-title":"2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"145","author":"Heidenreich P. A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2010.01.005"}],"container-title":["MedComm"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mco2.71008","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mco2.71008","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mco2.71008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T04:51:31Z","timestamp":1792039891000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mco2.71008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mco2.71008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mco2.71008","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2688-2663","2688-2663"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2688-2663","type":"print"},{"value":"2688-2663","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"article-number":"e71008"}}