{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T11:25:10Z","timestamp":1764588310363,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12 GM106997"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12 GM106997"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50NS108676"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50NS108676"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence ratio (PR) and incidence rate ratio (IRR) of nonmotor symptoms (NMS) were calculated for early Parkinson's disease (PD) versus non\u2010PD from 2 observational studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>NMS were assessed through the self\u2010reported Non\u2010Motor Symptom Questionnaire in the online Fox Insight study and through self\u2010 and clinician\u2010rated scales in the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) study. Age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted\/matched PR and IRR were estimated for each NMS by PD status using Poisson regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most NMS occurred more frequently in PD. Among 15,194 Fox Insight participants, sexual dysfunction had the largest adjusted PR (12.4 [95% CI, 6.9\u201322.2]) and dysgeusia\/hyposmia had the largest adjusted IRR over a 2\u2010year median follow\u2010up (17.0 [95% CI, 7.8\u201337.1]). Among 607 PPMI participants, anosmia had the largest PR (16.6 [95% CI, 6.1\u201344.8]). During the 7\u2010year median follow\u2010up, hallucinations had the largest IRR (13.5 [95% CI, 6.3\u201328.8]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although many NMS are more common in early PD than in non\u2010PD, their occurrence may differ with time (hallucinations) or data collection methods (sexual dysfunction).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T01:59:14Z","timestamp":1659664754000},"page":"961-966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevalence and Incidence of Nonmotor Symptoms in Individuals with and Without Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mariam","family":"Paracha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health + Technology University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"},{"name":"Department of 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