{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:48:35Z","timestamp":1789602515078,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) experience complex patterns of motor and\/or sensory symptoms. Treatment studies of psychological interventions are promising but limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the current pilot study is to investigate the effect of treatment consisting of a combination of hypnosis and catalepsy induction on FND symptom severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A within\u2010subject waiting list\u2010control design was used with 46 patients diagnosed with FND. The treatment consisted of 10 sessions. The primary outcome measure was FND symptom severity (The Psychogenic Movement Disorder Rating Scale; PMDRS). The secondary outcome measures were psychological distress and quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The repeated measures (RM) ANOVA for the PMDRS as outcome measure revealed a significant effect for time with a large effect size (<jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.679). Pairwise comparisons indicated that the effect of time in the treatment period was significant for the measure of FND symptom severity, whereas the waiting list period was not. The effect remained stable even at 8\u2009weeks post treatment. As for the additional measurement, general psychological distress and quality of life, no statistically significant differences between individual time points were found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This pilot study showed that eight sessions of treatment consisting of a combination of hypnosis and catalepsy induction was effective in reducing FND symptom severity. Some explanations and limitations are provided in the paper as well as several avenues of future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T09:28:42Z","timestamp":1700558922000},"page":"129-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Efficacy of Hypnosis and Catalepsy Induction in Functional Neurological Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4039-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marleen Ieke","family":"Tibben","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HSK Expertise Center Functional Movement Disorders Woerden Mental Care Group  Hilversum the Netherlands"},{"name":"UMCG expertise center Movements disorders Groningen, University of Groningen  the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amras","family":"van Opdorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences Radboud University  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojtek","family":"Bialek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HSK Expertise Center Functional Movement Disorders Woerden Mental Care Group  Hilversum the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Schaap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HSK Expertise Center Functional Movement Disorders Woerden Mental Care Group Hilversum  Hilversum the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5783-571X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina A.J.","family":"Tijssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMCG expertise center Movements disorders Groningen, University of Groningen  the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Universitity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten J.M.","family":"Merkx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HSK, Mental Care Group  Hilversum the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM\u20105\u2122","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.1264"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp220"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000601","article-title":"Conversion disorder","volume":"24","author":"Feinstein A","year":"2018","journal-title":"Continuum"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100003292"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.170190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-013-0246-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.19060128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws129"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"283","volume-title":"Protocollaire behandelingen voor volwassenen met psychische klachten","author":"Hoogduin CAL","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000049348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/iceh.51.1.29.14067"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801772-2.00047-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323706"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207140500528547"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"351","volume-title":"Handboek behandeling van somatisch onvoldoende verklaarde lichamelijke klachten","author":"Tibben MI","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20650"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.066563"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-322180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00009-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-004-0787-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","volume-title":"Effective Psychotherapists: Clinical Skills that Improve Client Outcomes","author":"Miller WR","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00029157.1970.10402059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"Psychologische interventies bij conversiestoornissen","author":"Hoogduin CAL","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8915-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-301860"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mdc3.13934","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:29:37Z","timestamp":1760956177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mdc3.13934"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mdc3.13934"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mdc3.13934","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2330-1619","2330-1619"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2330-1619","type":"print"},{"value":"2330-1619","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}