{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:08:18Z","timestamp":1790230098538,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about factors modulating pain and pain\u2010related functional impairment in isolated cervical dystonia (CD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim was to assess the prevalence and interrelationship between pain\u2010modulating factors and pain\u2010related determinants of functional impairment and quality of life in CD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed pain\u2010aggravating and pain\u2010relieving external factors, the degree of pain\u2010related functional impact on routine activities, and the relationship between these and pain severity, using cross\u2010sectional data collected using the Pain in Dystonia Scale (PIDS) from 85 participants with CD. Pairwise correlation analyses and age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted linear regression models estimated the relationship between pain\u2010modulating factors and pain severity, and the impact of pain severity, dystonia severity, and psychiatric symptoms on pain\u2010related functional impairment and disease\u2010specific quality of life (measured using the Craniocervical Dystonia Questionnaire\u201024).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stress and prolonged fixed position were the most frequent and impacting pain triggers, with women reporting larger impact. The average impact of pain\u2010relieving factors was lower than that of pain triggers. Physical exercise and social gatherings were the most impacted activities by pain in CD. The intensity of external modulating factors was a predictor of pain severity. Severity of pain, CD, and psychiatric symptoms independently predicted pain\u2010related functional impairment, whereas quality of life was predicted by pain severity, pain\u2010related functional impairment, and psychiatric symptom severity, but not dystonia severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PIDS provides insight into external modulation and functional impact of pain in CD. The pattern of external modulation of pain in CD is in line with a multifactorial modulation and complex physiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.14235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T06:15:43Z","timestamp":1729664143000},"page":"1559-1570","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["External Factors Modulating Pain and Pain\u2010Related Functional Impairment in Cervical Dystonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-0487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Martino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice M.C.","family":"Achen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9834-3639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Morgante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences and Cell Biology Institute, Neuromodulation and Motor Control Section, St George's University of London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7800-7419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Erro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana,\u201d University of Salerno  Baronissi Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan H.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorder Clinic, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9872-6680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anette","family":"Schrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1668-9925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Stamelou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital and First Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Appel\u2010Cresswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Defazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences University of Bari  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-0505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kallol","family":"Ray\u2010Chaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital and Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Poplawska\u2010Domaszewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital and Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah Pirio","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of New Mexico, New Mexico VA Healthcare System  Albuquerque New Mexico USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyder A.","family":"Jinnah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2378-6328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica A.","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/dyst.2023.11860"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-12022-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-020-02245-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-325193"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12144663"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14467"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000156909.13677.FF"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20635"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/dyst.2022.10359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13090605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2019.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2021.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-022-06548-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00906"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13827"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15050333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2023.120752"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2020.1860039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(96)03296-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13090647"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","first-page":"211","volume-title":"Therapy with Botulinum Toxin","author":"Consky E","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29452"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29423"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2010.515047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10377"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.013441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2023-332927"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000775"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20816"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.4.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-7220-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14110784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.867"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01121"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11307-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100038233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.01.002"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mdc3.14235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T09:32:02Z","timestamp":1760952722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mdc3.14235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mdc3.14235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mdc3.14235","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2330-1619","2330-1619"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2330-1619","type":"print"},{"value":"2330-1619","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}