{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:47:25Z","timestamp":1780361245313,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary tic disorders (TD) are common movement disorders in childhood. However, it is unclear if international guidelines are applied in Latin America.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the applicability of TD guidelines in Latin America.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An online survey was developed and distributed to healthcare professionals treating TD across Latin America.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Healthcare providers from 15 countries participated. TD are mainly diagnosed by general neurologists (85%). There is limited access to public clinics for movement disorders or TD, and 80% do not utilize a protocol. Rating scales are rarely used. More than half reported being unaware of resources for psychoeducation. Non\u2010pharmacological interventions for TD and alpha agonists are unavailable in several countries. Consequently, antipsychotics are the first line treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ubiquity of TD diagnosis throughout Latin America is a positive aspect, however barriers like limited referral pathways, lack of awareness about tics and treatment options do exist. This highlights the need for more effective pathways for TD in Latin America.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T05:03:30Z","timestamp":1740200610000},"page":"969-973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Tic Disorders Care Gaps in Spanish\u2010Speaking Latin America"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Alex Medina","family":"Escobar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Moncton Interdisciplinary Neurodegenerative Diseases Clinic Horizon Health Network  Moncton New Brunswick Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2608-6995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Munoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology, San Borja Arriaran Hospital University of Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Neuroscience Center, Cl\u00ednica Universidad de los Andes  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Gautreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moncton Interdisciplinary Neurodegenerative Diseases Clinic Horizon Health Network  Moncton New Brunswick Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malco","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurolog\u00eda FLENI  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Pringsheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008372"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM\u20105\u2122","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371205700302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-021-01899-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.656"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2020.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.4605.2007481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.649240"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-067439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852921000766"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000001221"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09753-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13756"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2020.1826933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05592-z"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"357","article-title":"Nix your tics! 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