{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T04:38:52Z","timestamp":1780720732163,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08AG065519\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08AG065519\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG085518\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG085518\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UH2AG083254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH2AG083254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54NS123746"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54NS123746"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001881"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001881"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001167","name":"Larry L. Hillblom Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001167","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1943497"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1943497"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35GM153406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM153406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005002","name":"California Department of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22\u201010079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22\u201010079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005002","name":"California Department of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24\u201010127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24\u201010127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by parkinsonism and impairments in balance, language, and cognition. As an atypical parkinsonism, PSP progresses rapidly, lacks effective treatments, and poses significant caregiving burdens. While prior studies have identified risk factors, they often fail to capture the complex temporal dynamics of co\u2010occurring conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify common PSP disease trajectories using a computational framework combining machine learning and network analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed ICD\u201010 codes from the University of California Health Data Warehouse to identify significant temporal risk factors and determine diagnostic trajectories. Multi\u2010step trajectories were clustered using dynamic time warping and clustering. Network analysis identified common trajectory clusters, which were compared for patient demographics, symptoms, and PSP progression. Causal relationships were inferred through association tests and compared to control groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From an initial cohort of 1205 PSP patients, 247 with multi\u2010step trajectories were included. The final dataset yielded 258 unique multi\u2010step trajectories. A total of 258 unique trajectories were identified, grouped into three clusters: binocular movement disorder (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200929), Parkinson's disease (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200972), and other neurodegenerative diseases (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009168). Demographics, symptoms, and disease progression differed significantly across clusters. Causal analysis revealed that 36.8% of trajectory connections were significant. Patients with multi\u2010step risk factor trajectories exhibited higher PSP risk compared to those with single or no risk factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Distinct PSP trajectories were identified, offering insights into temporal and causal relationships. These findings can improve PSP risk assessment, early diagnosis, and personalized management, enhancing patient care and guiding future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T10:39:04Z","timestamp":1746787144000},"page":"1528-1538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Identifying Common Disease Trajectories of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy with Electronic Health Records"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8584-4314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingzhou","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"},{"name":"Medical Informatics Home Area, Department of Bioinformatics University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sriram","family":"Sankararaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith A","family":"Vossel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy S.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1964.00460160003001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12091126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70042-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2007.00054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26512"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.10.1546"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-024-00747-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"457","volume-title":"Public Health and Informatics","author":"Kusuma GP","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22578-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01015-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"R: The R Project for Statistical Computing;https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Center for Data\u2010driven Insights and Innovation (CDI2) | UCOP.https:\/\/www.ucop.edu\/uc-health\/departments\/center-for-data-driven-insights-and-innovations-cdi2.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.ICD\u201010\u2010CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting;2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6419.2007.00527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74048-3_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2023.104307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3582","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2010.5495917","volume-title":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","author":"Anguera X","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2346830"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Partitioning Around Medoids (Program PAM). inFinding Groups in Data68125John Wiley & Sons Ltd;1990.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780470316801.ch2.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316801.ch2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1971.10482356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GatesAJ AhnY\u2010Y.The Impact of Random Models on Clustering Similarity; Preprint at2017.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/196840.","DOI":"10.1101\/196840"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RajehS SavonnetM LeclercqE CherifiH.Modularity\u2010based Backbone Extraction in Weighted Complex Networks; Preprint at2022.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2201.12905.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-97240-0_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600003750"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/153244303321897717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/38266"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4302425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000001393"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2010.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00319"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","first-page":"1141","article-title":"Tau protein in neurodegenerative diseases \u2010 a review","volume":"58","author":"P\u00eer\u015fcoveanu DFV","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in aging and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"59","author":"Albers DS","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neural Transm Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05601-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.4347"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109445"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Sleep disturbances in progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome (PSPS) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS)","volume":"57","author":"Alster P","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurol Neurochir Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2017.1381270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","unstructured":"Nazaret A.&Blei D.Extremely greedy equivalence search. Preprint at 10.48550\/arXiv.2502.19551 (2025)."}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mdc3.70119","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mdc3.70119","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mdc3.70119","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mdc3.70119","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:09:23Z","timestamp":1777561763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mdc3.70119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mdc3.70119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mdc3.70119","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2330-1619","2330-1619"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2330-1619","type":"print"},{"value":"2330-1619","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}