{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:08:10Z","timestamp":1793740090821,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRK1957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRK1957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a well\u2010established therapy in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) improving motor and non\u2010motor signs including sleep. The mechanisms of sleep improvement are insufficiently understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective was to identify stimulation\u2010dependent effects on the sleep\u2013wake cycle and circadian clock regulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen PD patients who underwent STN DBS (PD\u2010DBS) were assessed before as well as 6 and 12\u2009months post\u2010surgery. As control groups, 18 PD patients under best medical treatment (PD\u2010CON) and 25 healthy controls (H\u2010CON) were also enrolled. Wrist actigraphy to measure sleep and sleep questionnaires, such as the PD Sleep Scale (PDSS), were applied and the expression of clock genes in peripheral blood was measured. Electrode placement in the STN was localized, and the local impact of STN DBS was estimated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      STN DBS improved daytime sleepiness 12\u2009months post\u2010surgery (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006) which was correlated with limbic VTA (r\u2009=\u20090.737,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006). PDSS scores decreased 6\u2009months post\u2010surgery (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.050) and were positively associated with activation of the motor part of the STN (r\u2009=\u20090.582,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.037). Time in bed increased after surgery and was also positively correlated with the activation of the motor part of the STN (r\u2009=\u20090.941,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005). There were no changes in clock gene expression between groups and over time (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u20090.323).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sleep and daytime sleepiness are improved after STN DBS in PD. Different STN sub\u2010proportions contribute to these improvements. The changes in sleep appear not be driven by changes in clock gene expression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T03:29:34Z","timestamp":1749007774000},"page":"1801-1810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Impact of Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus on Sleep\u2013Wake Function and Circadian Rhythms in Patients with Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Steinhardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Lokowandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cosima Xenia","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Neurobiology University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Rasche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Oster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Neurobiology University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britta","family":"Wilms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Medical Clinic 1 University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)  Neuherberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Br\u00fcggemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism University of L\u00fcbeck  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.6.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-314601"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105963"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15859"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13936"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-017-2103-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-021-03800-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035275"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0145-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40316-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/45368"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2015-0256"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2015.00165"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00478"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12921"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25567"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70294-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00084"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-017-3102-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.126219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00989.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.5.1152"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz285"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The impact of subthalamic deep brain stimulation on sleep\u2013wake behavior: a prospective electrophysiological study in 50 Parkinson patients","volume":"40","author":"Baumann\u2010Vogel H","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2010.01469.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2017.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000343808"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341707"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15859"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","first-page":"90","article-title":"Konsequenzen von Chronodisruption auf K\u00f6rpergewichtsregulation und Stoffwechsel","volume":"81","author":"Meyh\u00f6fer S","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther Umsch"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01663"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01932-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0128-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-00426-z"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mdc3.70160","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T14:04:35Z","timestamp":1763474675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mdc3.70160"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mdc3.70160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mdc3.70160","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2330-1619","2330-1619"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2330-1619","type":"print"},{"value":"2330-1619","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}