{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T21:22:44Z","timestamp":1773782564207,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Essential tremor (ET) is associated with various of non\u2010motor symptoms including hearing impairment and imbalance attributed to the neurodegenerative ET pathology affecting brainstem structures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to assess auditory and vestibular brainstem functions in patients with ET in comparison to controls using auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and cervical and ocular vestibular\u2010evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP and oVEMP), and to correlate their dysfunction to disease characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>24 patients (48 ears) with ET and 24 healthy controls were recruited and assessed by ABR, cVEMP and oVEMP. Patients were assessed by Fahn\u2013Tolosa\u2013Marin Tremor Rating Scale (FTM\u2010TRS) and functional gait assessment scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      High\u2010rate ABR showed significant increase of waves III and V latencies and I\u2013V interpeak latencies among patients, compared to age and gender matched controls. Low\u2010rate ABR showed less significant differences; right, I\u2013III and I\u2013V interpeak latencies, and average I\u2010III interlatences. ET patients showed prolonged latencies of P1 and N1 waves of cVEMP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), average P1\u2010N1 latency and amplitude differences (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and P1 latency of oVEMP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009), compared to controls, with more differences in cVEMP than in oVEMP. Age, age of onset, disease duration showed correlations with ABR responses, tremor severity correlated with oVEMP, while functional gait scores correlated with both.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study confirmed and localized the dysfunction of the auditory and vestibular brainstem connections in ET and demonstrated a possible correlation with tremor severity and associated gait dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T09:05:02Z","timestamp":1758618302000},"page":"765-773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrity of Brainstem Connections in Essential Tremor Using Auditory and Vestibular Evoked Potentials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Aya Abdelhamid","family":"Elkordi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8806-9429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alia Hassan","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoda Mahmoud","family":"Weheiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asmaa","family":"Helmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eman Moanes","family":"Abushady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Shalash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000492831"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245918"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-022-02535-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000112463"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-62630-1.00001-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2023.108705"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnp.2019.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.11.042"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Ocular vestibular\u2010evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) to test utricular function: neural and oculomotor evidence","volume":"32","author":"Curthoys IS","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-011-1801-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-023-02652-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31826bedbc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"271","article-title":"Clinical rating scale for tremor","volume":"2","author":"Fahn S","year":"1993","journal-title":"Parkinsons Dis Mov Disord"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70373-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BeckAT SteerRA BrownGK.Beck depression inventory;1996.","DOI":"10.1037\/t00742-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0690(18)30197-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0594.2008.00509.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"SolimanS FathallaA ShehataM.Development of Arabic staggered spondee words (SSW) test. 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