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Discrepancies between self\u2010 and caregiver\u2010reported apathy have been preliminarily associated with cognitive impairments affecting patients\u2019 awareness and self\u2010report accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates discrepancies between PD patient\u2010 and informant\u2010reported apathy in relation to the cognitive status (unimpaired\u2010CU vs. impaired\u2010CI), and explores neural correlates of apathy using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Apathy was assessed in 23 PD participants using self\u2010report (AES\u2010S) and informant (AES\u2010I) versions of the Italian Apathy Evaluation Scale. Discrepancy scores (\u0394AES) were compared between groups and correlated with cognitive performance. Resting\u2010state fMRI examined associations between AES indices and connectivity from the bilateral nucleus accumbens, while whole\u2010brain structural analyses assessed associations with gray matter (GM) volume.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PD\u2010CI participants showed higher \u0394AES, underestimating their apathy compared to PD\u2010CU. \u0394AES values correlated with attentional and visuospatial functioning. Higher AES\u2010I scores were associated with hyperconnectivity between right nucleus accumbens, paracingulate, and medial frontal cortices. Structural analyses revealed associations between both AES\u2010I and \u0394AES values and GM volume in the cingulate gyrus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the impact of cognitive dysfunction on apathy evaluation in PD, emphasizing the importance of caregiver perspective. Neuroimaging results further validated caregiver ratings, showing an association between fronto\u2010striatal network changes and apathy. Further research is needed to clarify the role of such discrepancy in apathy assessment in predicting disease progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T16:08:52Z","timestamp":1760803732000},"page":"923-932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Discrepant Views of Apathy in Patients and Caregivers: the Role of Cognitive Deficits in Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2242-6008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Funghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mind\/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento  Rovereto Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Fabris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for 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