{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:45:06Z","timestamp":1791895506618,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is effective for Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its efficacy varies with genetic background, such as the\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variant\u2014the causative gene of Gaucher disease\u2014associated with increased PD risk and cognitive decline after subthalamic nucleus (STN)\u2010DBS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between outcomes after STN\u2010DBS and\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variants in PD patients undergoing bilateral STN\u2010DBS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients were retrospectively analyzed over 5\u2009years, with clinical and genetic assessments, including\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variant status performed at baseline and at 1\u2010, 3\u2010, and 5\u2010years post\u2010DBS. Longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and medication outcomes were evaluated using propensity score matching and linear mixed\u2010effects models.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 371 PD patients undergoing bilateral STN\u2010DBS were analyzed, including 54\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variant carriers and 253 noncarriers, after excluding other genetic variants. Propensity score matching yielded 2 groups with balanced baseline characteristics, with 50 patients each. Over time, no significant differences were observed in motor, cognitive, or neuropsychiatric assessments between groups.\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriers exhibited worsened medication OFF\u2010DBS off state motor symptoms at 5\u2009years postoperatively, whereas cognitive function, assessed by the Mini\u2010Mental State Examination, remained stable in both groups. Levodopa\u2010equivalent daily dose (LEDD) significantly decreased in both groups. Linear mixed\u2010effects models showed progressive motor and cognitive decline and reduced medication use over 5\u2009years, with no significant impact on\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variant status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings from Japan's largest genetic cohort suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variants may not significantly affect postoperative motor or cognitive trajectories following STN\u2010DBS. Further validation through large\u2010scale multinational and multicenter studies is warranted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T13:41:18Z","timestamp":1763041278000},"page":"973-984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Motor and Cognitive Outcome After Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease Harboring\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>GBA1<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Variant"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9408-7893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hikaru","family":"Kamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of 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