{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:01:16Z","timestamp":1790650876158,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasing markedly in Asia, highlighting the urgent need to understand the current practices and challenges in delivering comprehensive PD care in this region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to determine the resources and facilities for comprehensive management of PD in Asia focusing on regions (South East Asia, Middle East, Indian Subcontinent, East Asia, and Central Asia) and income levels (high\u2010income countries\u2010HIC, upper middle\u2010income countries\u2010UMIC, lower middle\u2010income countries\u2010LMIC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A survey\u2010based questionnaire was deployed to the MDS affiliate societies or key neurologists in 32 countries in Asia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty countries\/territories participated in the survey. HICs have better availability of and accessibility to most health care professionals. Central Asia has the lowest availability of and accessibility to health care professionals. PD nurses are least available (33.3%) and least easily accessible (6.7%). Levodopa and anticholinergics are the most available (100%), accessible (100%) and affordable (100%) antiparkinsonian medications. Device\u2010aid therapies are more available and accessible in East Asian countries\/territories, compared to other regions. Accessibility to allied health professionals is poor (43%). Genetic testing is available in 18 (60%) countries\/territories, mostly in HIC (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031). Community engagement and public health awareness campaigns are available in 21 (70%) countries\/territories. Brain bank is available in seven (24.1%) countries\/territories, mostly in HIC. Telemedicine is utilized in 21 (70%) countries\/territories.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first survey\u2010based study to highlight regional and income\u2010based disparities on infrastructures required for comprehensive PD care in Asia. Regional collaborations between HIC and MIC may address some of these disparities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T05:40:46Z","timestamp":1764222046000},"page":"379-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Practices, Resources and Challenges in Parkinson's Disease Management in Asia: Movement Disorders in Asia Study Group Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6684-7488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norlinah","family":"Mohamed Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3057-9183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Warongporn","family":"Phuenpathom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4686-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priya","family":"Jagota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6901-2064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roongroj","family":"Bhidayasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pramod Kumar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Institute of Mental Health &amp; Neurosciences (NIMHANS)  Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8566-7573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin\u2010Hsien","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4610-947X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prashanth Lingappa","family":"Kukkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Clinic  Bengaluru India"},{"name":"Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Manipal Hospital  Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6808-0444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taku","family":"Hatano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shen\u2010Yang","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"},{"name":"The Mah Pooi Soo &amp; Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's &amp; Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanybek","family":"Myrzayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Institute of Postgraduate Education Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery  Almaty Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HuiFang","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jed Noel","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Section of Neurology, Makati Medical Center  Makati Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond L.","family":"Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute and Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Santo Tomas and Hospital  Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3350-5032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Youn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zakiyah","family":"Aldaajani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department King Fahad Military Medical Complex  Dhahran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2138-1108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivam Om","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Neurological Institute  Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azmawati Mohammed","family":"Nawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Ugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurophysiology Faculty of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Aging Well in Asia, Asian Development Policy Report","author":"Asian Development Bank","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30295-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"World Bank.World Bank Country and Lending Groups. 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