{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T03:05:27Z","timestamp":1788404727214,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008440","name":"International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To honor the bicentenary of Jean\u2010Martin Charcot's birth and to consolidate the primary materials from a historical exhibit on the topic at the 2025 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Congress, this article aims to provide an overview of Charcot's place in the context of 21st century movement disorders neurology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Charcot (1825\u20131893) is largely considered the Father of Clinical Neurology, having established the basic discipline of anatomo\u2010clinical correlations in brain and spinal cord disease. His contributions to movement disorders neurology were seminal and remain as anchors of 21st century neurological study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Original and secondary sources from international archives and collections served as the material for study and interpretation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Charcot fundamentally contributed to the clinical descriptions of Parkinson's disease, other parkinsonian syndromes, tremor conditions, tic disorders and chorea. Whereas he performed extensive neuroanatomical studies, he classified most movement disorders as\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00e9vroses,<\/jats:italic>\n                      conditions with undetected structural lesions yet to be defined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Charcot developed a clear classification system for movement disorders that largely remains intact today. He developed a French School of Neurology of both historical and modern fame, and, in introducing the model of an academic clinical hospital research center as multidimensional integration of clinical care, research, and education, he left a legacy that remains the model of the 21st century neurological research center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T06:18:06Z","timestamp":1769840286000},"page":"1815-1822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Constructing Neurology: Jean\u2010Martin Charcot (1825\u20131893): A Bicentenary Tribute"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0368-1066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Riederer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1665-8205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Goetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush University Medical Center  Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Walusinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brou France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_23_2_1","volume-title":"Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re","author":"La GG","year":"1925"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195076431.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_4_1","volume-title":"Registres d'admission. \u00c9tude sur les h\u00f4pitaux consid\u00e9r\u00e9s sous le rapport de leur construction, de leur distribution, de leurs b\u00e2timents, de l'ameublement, l'hygi\u00e8ne et des services des salles de malades","author":"Husson A","year":"1862"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_5_1","volume-title":"Charcot: 1825\u20131893; sa vie\u2010son \u0153uvre","author":"Guillain GJ\u2010M","year":"1955"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_6_1","unstructured":"DuchenneGB.De l'ataxie locomotrice progressive Archives g\u00e9n\u00e9rales de m\u00e9decine.1858;12:641\u2013652. and 13:36\u201362 158\u2013188 417\u2013451."},{"key":"e_1_2_23_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100004315"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_8_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Fall von paralysis agitans","volume":"17","author":"Oppolzer J","year":"1861","journal-title":"Spitals\u2010Zeitung"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_9_1","first-page":"765","article-title":"De la paralysie agitante","volume":"8","author":"Charcot JM","year":"1861","journal-title":"Gaz Hebdomadaire Med Chir"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_10_1","volume-title":"Sur la paralysie agitante et la scl\u00e9rose en plaques g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e","author":"Ordenstein L","year":"1868"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/jhin.12.2.154.15537"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_12_1","volume-title":"\u00c9tudes cliniques & physiologiques sur la marche","author":"Gilles Tourette G","year":"1886"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_13_1","volume-title":"Le\u00e7ons du mardi \u00e0 la Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re (tome 1, 1887\u20131888): lesson of May 22 1888","author":"Charcot JM","year":"1887"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e0439e"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_15_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Scl\u00e9rose des cordons lat\u00e9raux de la moelle \u00e9pini\u00e8re chez une femme hyst\u00e9rique atteinte de contractures des 4 membres","volume":"25","author":"Charcot JM","year":"1865","journal-title":"l\u2018Union Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_23_16_1","first-page":"475","article-title":"Note sur la scl\u00e9rose en plaques de la moelle \u00e9pini\u00e8re. 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Atrophie des cellules des cornes ant\u00e9rieures de la moelle. Atrophie musculaire progressive. 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