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Nevertheless, the pathophysiological bases remain poorly understood, and sex\u2010specific and hormonal factors are still insufficiently explored in both research and clinical practice. In the first part of this narrative review, we synthesize the most relevant evidence on sex\u2010specific aspects of PD, including epidemiology, genetic bases, motor and non\u2010motor features, and disease progression. We then explore sex\u2010specific biological underpinnings revealed by translational, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological studies. In the second part, we summarize the roles of sex hormones in PD and of reproductive life factors, from menarche to pregnancy, focusing particularly on women with PD. With this review, we aim to highlight a still underexplored dimension of PD and the importance of systematically considering sex, reproductive life, and sex hormones, from experimental research to clinical care. 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