{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:08:33Z","timestamp":1780315713883,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, oculomotor and cognitive impairments. Yet disentangling cognitive deficits from motor and oculomotor dysfunction remains a diagnostic and methodological challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate how cognitive, motor, and oculomotor impairments contribute to performance in the Trail Making Test (TMT) in PSP patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty\u2010one patients with PSP\u2010Richardson's syndrome underwent the Toronto Cognitive Assessment, the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale\u2010part III and the PSP rating scale. Structural equation modeling was used to examine associations between TMT performance, cognitive function, and motor\/oculomotor measures derived from these assessments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TMT performance was mainly driven by cognitive factors, particularly executive function, with no significant influence from motor or oculomotor deficits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that the TMT is a valuable tool for assessing cognitive impairment in PSP, reflecting fronto\u2010striatal (associative loop) dysfunction rather than motor or oculomotor impairments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T11:18:15Z","timestamp":1780312695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cognitive, Motor and Oculomotor Contributions to the Trail Making Test in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9739-5018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indira","family":"Garcia\u2010Cordero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Life and Behavioral Sciences Universidad de San Andr\u00e9s  Buenos Aires Argentina"},{"name":"Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET)  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Hadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1719-2200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Camilo","family":"Vargas\u2010Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre hospitali\u00e8re universitaire Tivoli  Louvi\u00e8re Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9802-0362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network &amp; Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer","family":"Khoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9015-4390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alonso","family":"Morales\u2010Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ABC Medical Center  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3512-7488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blas","family":"Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT\u2010INECO\u2010CONICET) Favaloro University Hospital  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Tang\u2010Wai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krembil Brain Institute University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"University Health Network Memory Clinic  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossy PSP Centre University Health Network and the University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabor G.","family":"Kovacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Krembil Brain Institute University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Rossy PSP Centre University Health Network and the University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony E.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Krembil Brain Institute University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Rossy PSP Centre University Health Network and the University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5944-8497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carmela","family":"Tartaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Krembil Brain Institute University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"University Health Network Memory Clinic  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Rossy PSP Centre University Health Network and the University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Toronto Dementia Research 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