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Medication\u2010related changes in anxiety, depression, and cognition were defined using established minimally clinically important differences. Apathy, fatigue, and sleepiness were determined based on MDS\u2010UPDRS Part I scores \u22651. Associations were examined using chi\u2010squared tests, multivariable ordinal logistic regression, and symptom\u2010network analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 199 participants (36\u201385\u2009years, 61% male), 90% (53\/59) of those with apathy also reported both fatigue and sleepiness. Exploratory network analysis grouped apathy with anxiety and depression, whereas fatigue clustered with somatic symptoms (eg, pain, constipation) and daytime sleepiness remained peripheral. Apathy was independently associated with medication\u2010related change in anxiety after adjustment for fatigue and sleepiness (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while fatigue was associated with autonomic dysfunction (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite overlapping presentation, apathy in PD closely tracks affective change linked to dopaminergic state, whereas fatigue and sleepiness reflect broader somatic burden. These distinctions may support more specific recognition and phenotyping of apathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:25:12Z","timestamp":1780453512000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Apathy in Parkinson's Disease: Distinguishing Overlapping Symptoms Via Network Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7742-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Seemiller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Pennsylvania State University\u2010Milton S. 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