{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T13:48:40Z","timestamp":1792244920073,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disord Clin Pract"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Impulse control\u2013related behavioral disorders refer to a group of compulsive behaviors seen in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), comprising impulse control disorders (ICD), dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS), and punding. Over the years, numerous studies have been published on their prevalence, risk factors, neuroimaging, genetics, and management. More evidence now suggests that each disorder involves a distinct neurobiological mechanism. Although our understanding has improved, early recognition and appropriate treatment remain a significant challenge for clinicians, patients, and caregivers alike.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to summarize the definitions, underlying neurobiological mechanisms, validated assessment tools (for screening and rating), management strategies, and future directions for each of these impulse\u2010control and related behavioral disorders (ICBD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a scoping review of PubMed, Embase, and psycINFO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A database search identified 540 articles, of which 110 were selected for full\u2010text review. We classified the articles into 6 themes as follows: prevalence, risk factors, genetics, behavioral studies, neuroimaging, and treatment options. Based on the selected articles, we discussed the clinical phenotypes, pathophysiology, and treatment approaches for ICD, DDS, and punding. Identified knowledge gaps include the limited understanding of the pathophysiology of punding and validated rating scales for clinical use in assessing punding and DDS. Future research directions include investigating the role of selective serotonin 5\u2010hydroxytryptamine 2A\u00a0receptor inverse agonists, selective D1\/D5 partial dopamine agonists, and transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of ICBDs in PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early recognition and distinguishing among the different ICBDs are essential to enable early intervention, specific tailored management, and monitoring of these disorders and their respective treatment effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.70777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T06:35:49Z","timestamp":1786689349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Approach to Impulse Control\u2013Related Behavioral Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3356-1221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin Yi","family":"Goh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Neuroscience Institute  Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru  Johor Bahru Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3553-1525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lai Gwen","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tan Tock Seng Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0808-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Internal Medicine Department The Federal University of Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis C.S.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Neuroscience Institute  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.7.969","article-title":"Association of dopamine agonist use with impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease","volume":"63","author":"Weintraub D","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)90636-X","article-title":"Punding on levodopa","volume":"36","author":"Friedman JH","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biol 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