{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T18:51:45Z","timestamp":1780944705932,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]],"date-time":"2004-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study prevalence of hallucinations in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) during a 1\u2010year period, and identify factors predictive of the onset of hallucinations in patients who were hallucination\u2010free at baseline, 141 unselected outpatients with PD were evaluated prospectively for a set of demographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables and the presence of hallucinations during the previous 3 months. Patient groups were compared with nonparametric tests, and logistic regression was applied to significant data. Follow\u2010up data were available for 127 patients. The hallucination prevalence rates (%) at the first and second evaluation were, respectively, 41.7 and 49.6 for hallucinations of all types (NS), 29.1 and 40.2 for minor hallucinations (i.e., presence or passage hallucinations, and illusions) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02), 22.8 and 21.2 for formed visual hallucinations (NS), and 8.7 and 8.7 for auditory hallucinations (NS). Hallucinations rarely started or ceased during the study. The most labile forms were minor hallucinations, which developed in 20% of patients and ceased in 9%. During follow\u2010up, 15% of patients started to hallucinate. Three factors, all present at the first evaluation, independently predicted the onset of hallucinations in patients previously free of hallucinations at baseline (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval): severe sleep disturbances (14.3; 2.5\u201380.9), ocular disorders (9.1; 1.6\u201352.0), and a high axial motor score (5.7; 1.2\u201327.4). Hallucinations have a chronic course in most parkinsonian patients. Factors predicting the onset of hallucinations point to a role of extranigral brainstem involvement and a nonspecific, facilitating role of ocular disorders. \u00a9 2004 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]],"date-time":"2004-08-31T14:05:08Z","timestamp":1093961108000},"page":"212-217","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Hallucinations in Parkinson's disease: A follow\u2010up study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Do\u00e9 de Maindreville","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"F\u00e9nelon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Mahieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.4.733"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.3.811"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.11.2078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000068010.82167.CF"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.70.6.727"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Parkinson's disease. Diagnosis and clinical management","author":"Comella CL","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.9.1539"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.4.539"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.2.281"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.70.6.734"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"289","article-title":"Poor visual discrimination and visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease","volume":"21","author":"Diederich NJ","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90869-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-199522330-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.426"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.10.1819"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(99)00041-4"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.20263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.20263","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.20263","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mds.20263","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.20263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T12:26:39Z","timestamp":1760963199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.20263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.20263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.20263","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]]}}}