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We conducted a multicenter case\u2013control study to investigate symptoms related to disorders of the anterior segment of the eye, administering a questionnaire to 165 patients with BSP and 180 age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched control patients with hemifacial spasm. On a validation sample, our questionnaire yielded high accuracy in detecting eye diseases (predominantly, dry eye syndrome) using detailed ophthalmological examination as the criterion. Logistic regression analysis indicated a significant association between ocular symptoms at disease onset and BSP. Ocular symptoms starting in the year preceding disease onset (short\u2010latency symptoms) showed a stronger association with BSP than ocular symptoms occurring earlier in time (long\u2010latency symptoms). The association was stronger when short\u2010latency symptoms developed from 40 to 59 years of age, whereas this was not observed for long\u2010latency symptoms. Our findings support the view that eye symptoms associated with BSP result from eye diseases and may be involved in the pathogenesis of BSP. The differential risk of developing BSP, based on age at onset of ocular symptoms, suggests that age and eye diseases may interact in giving rise to BSP. \u00a9 2005 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,9]],"date-time":"2005-08-09T13:16:29Z","timestamp":1123593389000},"page":"1564-1570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Relationship between eye symptoms and blepharospasm: A multicenter case\u2013control 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