{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:40:18Z","timestamp":1790358018802,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,19]],"date-time":"2005-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1124409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Lottery"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000346","name":"Ataxia UK","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000346","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"name":"Royal Society of Medicine (Ellison-Cliffe Travelling Fellowship)"},{"name":"MS Society of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000664","name":"NHS Health Technology Assessment Programme","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinicians require scientifically rigorous, clinically meaningful rating scales to evaluate the health impact of disease and treatment that cannot be measured using conventional laboratory instruments. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), a commonly used clinician\u2010rated measure, in Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA). People with confirmed FRDA were assessed by using the ICARS. Two assumptions of its measurement model were tested: the legitimacy of reporting ICARS scores in FRDA, and the acceptability, reliability, and validity of total and subscale scores. Seventy\u2010seven people with FRDA were assessed. The ICARS total score effectively satisfied all psychometric criteria tested. The posture and gait disturbances subscale also performed well. The other three subscales did not pass standard criteria for tests of scaling assumptions, reliability, and validity. This small study recommends only the use of the ICARS total score as a measure of FRDA. However, the extent to which this score quantifies the true extent of FRDA remains uncertain as our validity testing was limited, partly by the lack of appropriate validating measures. Further validity testing, and examination of responsiveness, is required before the ICARS can be recommended as an outcome measure for treatment trials of FDRA. \u00a9 2005 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,19]],"date-time":"2005-08-19T15:46:30Z","timestamp":1124466390000},"page":"1585-1591","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["International cooperative ataxia rating scale (ICARS): Appropriate for studies of Friedreich's ataxia?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Stefan J.","family":"Cano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy C.","family":"Hobart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.V. Prasad","family":"Korlipara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony H.V.","family":"Schapira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Mark","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01930976"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5254.1423"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01341-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(01)00041-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7118.1289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.60.2.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.4.639"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(96)00231-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00009-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007020070032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2001.00273.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10657"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.20.11492"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"5","article-title":"A technique for the measurement of attitudes","volume":"140","author":"Likert R","year":"1932","journal-title":"Arch Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","volume-title":"Quantitative applications in the social science","author":"Spector P","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289162"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","volume-title":"Psychometric theory","author":"Nunnally J","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","volume-title":"MAP\u2010R for Windows: multitrait\/multi\u2010item analysis program\u2010revised user's guide version 1","author":"Ware J","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01593882"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00422218"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02310555"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.78.1.98","article-title":"What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications","volume":"28","author":"Cortina J","year":"1993","journal-title":"J App Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","volume-title":"Measurement, in handbook of survey research","author":"Bohrnstedt G","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"636","article-title":"What sample sizes for reliability and validity studies?","volume":"11","author":"Hobart J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","first-page":"771","article-title":"What sample sizes for reliability and validity studies II: a prospective study","volume":"12","author":"Cano S","year":"2003","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200212000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135581969700200102"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.20651","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.20651","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.20651","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mds.20651","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.20651","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:17:43Z","timestamp":1760959063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.20651"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,19]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.20651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.20651","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,19]]}}}