{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T02:34:59Z","timestamp":1768703699797,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,18]],"date-time":"2006-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1145318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The blink rate (BR) during rest, conversation, and reading was assessed in 50 patients with blepharospasm (BS) and in 150 healthy subjects. BR at rest and during conversation was higher in patients with BS. Moreover, 76% of patients had BR higher at rest than during conversation, whereas in 74% of controls, BR was higher during conversation than at rest. The sensitivity and specificity of two parameters (value of BR at rest and pattern <jats:italic>rest\u2010BR higher than conversation\u2010BR<\/jats:italic>) in discriminating patients and controls were computed. The best fit was obtained with a rest\u2010BR above 27 blinks per minute. When the two parameters were combined (rest\u2010BR above 27 blinks per minute together with the pattern <jats:italic>rest\u2010BR higher than conversation\u2010BR<\/jats:italic>), we obtained a 92.3% sensitivity and a 82.0% specificity in discriminating between BS patients and controls. These findings indicate that specific features of BR can be associated with BS, suggesting that the analysis of BR might be helpful for the diagnosis of BS in early stages. \u00a9 2006 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,18]],"date-time":"2006-04-18T17:20:25Z","timestamp":1145380825000},"page":"1225-1229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Analysis of blink rate in patients with blepharospasm"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Anna Rita","family":"Bentivoglio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Daniele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Albanese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro Attilio","family":"Tonali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Fasano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"371","article-title":"Blepharospasm: demographic and clinical survey of 250 patients","volume":"16","author":"Jankovic J","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"332","volume-title":"Movement disorders 2","author":"Fahn S","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.5_Suppl_5.S1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.5.677"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.64.3.320"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870120629"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410280509"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150070094"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.29.9.445"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(81)90070-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Physiology of normal and abnormal blinking","volume":"49","author":"Karson CN","year":"1988","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/106.3.643"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.41.11.1024"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.20889","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.20889","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:27:52Z","timestamp":1760959672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.20889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,18]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.20889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.20889","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,18]]}}}