{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:49:29Z","timestamp":1786978169003,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]],"date-time":"2007-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1181606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of levetiracetam for the treatment of tics in children with Tourette syndrome (TS). Levetiracetam, an atypical anticonvulsant, has been suggested in open\u2010label protocols to be an effective tic\u2010suppressing agent in individuals with TS. A double blind, randomized, placebo\u2010controlled, cross\u2010over trial was performed to investigate this medication in children with moderate to moderately\u2010severe tics. Subjects received, in a randomized sequence, 4\u2010weeks of levetiracetam (maximum dose 30 mg\/kg\/day) or placebo, with a 2\u2010week intervening washout period between cycles. Primary outcome measures included two separate scales from the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale; the Total Tic score and the Total overall score. Measures were assessed at baseline, prior to randomization, on Day 28 (end of Phase 1), on Day 42 (baseline for second phase) and on Day 70 (end of Phase 2). Twenty\u2010two subjects (21 boys and 1 girl) with TS, mean age 12.2 \u00b1 2.3 years, range 8 to 16 years, participated. A mild reduction in tics occurred during both the levetiracetam and placebo treatment phases. There was no significant difference between treatments and no evidence of sequence or cross\u2010over effects. In conclusion, Levetiracetam is not more beneficial than placebo in suppressing tics in children with TS. \u00a9 2007 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]],"date-time":"2007-06-12T19:16:29Z","timestamp":1181675789000},"page":"1764-1770","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["A double blind randomized placebo control trial of levetiracetam in tourette syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Constance L.","family":"Smith\u2010Hicks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana D.","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina P.","family":"Paynter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey S.","family":"Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70018-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(03)90012-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738060210080901"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000217916.00225.3a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(01)00185-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20385"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"S112","article-title":"Long\u2010term follow\u2010up use of levetiracetam to treat tics in children","volume":"58","author":"Awaad YM, A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"62","article-title":"The treatment of Tourette's syndrome: multimodal, developmental intervention","volume":"59","author":"Peterson BS","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Treatment of tics","volume":"99","author":"Dure LSt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380201700603"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198907000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.61.3.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.87.4.519"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199706000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199704000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","first-page":"995","article-title":"The Children's Depression, Inventory (CDI)","volume":"21","author":"Kovacs M","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540100012008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000055434.39968.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470854596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2531248"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2005.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199205000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(93)90232-3"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.21615","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.21615","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T12:32:28Z","timestamp":1760963548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.21615"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.21615"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.21615","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]]}}}