{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T19:30:32Z","timestamp":1793734232582,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,28]],"date-time":"2008-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1206662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reviewed the clinical and laboratory oculomotor features in 30 patients with probable multiple system atrophy (MSA), 22 with MSA\u2010P and 8 with MSA\u2010C. Six patients were also examined post mortem, MSA being confirmed in four and excluded in two (Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy). Clinical examination showed the following abnormalities; excessive square wave jerks\u201421 of 30 patients; mild vertical supranuclear gaze palsy\u20148 of 30; gaze\u2010evoked nystagmus\u201412 of 30 patients, three of whom had no extraocular evidence of cerebellar dysfunction; positioning downbeat nystagmus\u201410 of 25; mild or moderate saccadic hypometria\u201422 of 30; impaired (\u201cbroken up\u201d) smooth pursuit\u201428 of 30; reduced VOR suppression\u201416 of 24. Electro\u2010oculography and caloric testing did not add significant extra information. In patients presenting with an akinetic\u2010rigid syndrome it can be difficult to differentiate idiopathic Parkinson's disease from MSA\u2010P and other causes of atypical parkinsonism. Our findings suggest that the presence of excessive square wave jerks, mild \u2013 moderate hypometria of saccades, impaired VOR suppression, spontaneous nystagmus or positioning downbeat nystagmus may be oculomotor \u201cred flags\u201d or clues to the presence of MSA. Further, the presence of clinically slow saccades, or moderate\u2010to\u2010severe gaze restriction, suggests a diagnosis other than MSA. \u00a9 2008 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,29]],"date-time":"2008-03-29T03:35:03Z","timestamp":1206761703000},"page":"977-984","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Oculomotor function in multiple system atrophy: Clinical and laboratory features in 30 patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Tim","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Luxon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niall","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"David Marsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Bronstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)04137-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.835"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.65.1.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20584"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)00147-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150070072"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.5.1020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(00)00279-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.9.1877-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.Suppl.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10561"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"824","article-title":"Eye movement and neuro\u2010otological abnormalities in multiple system atrophy","volume":"12","author":"Anderson TJ","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(98)00304-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.10.934"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.72.3.366"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.4.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.1.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.6.496"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/65.2.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.7.599"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","first-page":"88","volume-title":"Movement disorders 3","author":"Stell R","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410020509"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.5.1029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410350408"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","volume-title":"The neurology of eye movements","author":"Leigh RJ","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/112.5.1193"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","first-page":"395","article-title":"Vestibulo\u2010ocular reflex in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy","volume":"60","author":"Rascol OJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.027367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","first-page":"877","volume-title":"Neurodegenerative diseases","author":"Lang AE","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Eye movement disorders in corticobasal degeneration","volume":"82","author":"Vidailhet M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1020-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.1999.tb00553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.2.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14734220510007950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/112.5.1193"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.6.662"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.55.7.949"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489109131470"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","first-page":"969","article-title":"Electro\u2010oculogram in multiple system and late onset cerebellar atrophies","volume":"23","author":"Arpa J","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.1.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(71)90029-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The neck\u2010eye reflex in patients with reduced vestibular and optokinetic function","volume":"114","author":"Bronstein AM","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.55.10.1353"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000028690.15001.00"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.21999","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.21999","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.21999","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:48:07Z","timestamp":1760957287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.21999"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,28]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.21999"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.21999","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,28]]}}}