{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T08:00:17Z","timestamp":1790409617617,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,25]],"date-time":"2008-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1216944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often have manifestations of autonomic failure. About 40% have neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (NOH), and among PD+NOH patients virtually all have evidence of cardiac sympathetic denervation; however, whether PD+NOH entails extra\u2010cardiac noradrenergic denervation has been less clear. Microdialysate concentrations of the main neuronal metabolite of norepinephrine (NE) and dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) were measured in skeletal muscle, and plasma concentrations of NE and DHPG were measured in response to i.v. tyramine, yohimbine, and isoproterenol, in patients with PD+NOH, patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF), which is characterized by generalized catecholaminergic denervation, and control subjects. Microdialysate DHPG concentrations were similarly low in PD+NOH and PAF compared to control subjects (163 \u00b1 25, 153 \u00b1 27, and 304 \u00b1 27 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 each vs. control). The two groups also had similarly small plasma DHPG responses to tyramine (71 \u00b1 58 and 82 \u00b1 105 vs. 313 \u00b1 94 pg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 each vs. control) and NE responses to yohimbine (223 \u00b1 37 and 61 \u00b1 15 vs. 672 \u00b1 130 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 each vs. control), and virtually absent NE responses to isoproterenol (20 \u00b1 34 and 14 \u00b1 15 vs. 336 \u00b1 78 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 each vs. control). Patients with PD+NOH had normal bradycardia responses to edrophonium and normal epinephrine responses to glucagon. The results support the concept of generalized noradrenergic denervation in PD+NOH, with similar severity to that seen in PAF. In contrast, the parasympathetic cholinergic and adrenomedullary hormonal components of the autonomic nervous system seem intact in PD+NOH. \u00a9 2008 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,25]],"date-time":"2008-07-25T16:39:23Z","timestamp":1217003963000},"page":"1725-1732","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Generalized and neurotransmitter\u2010selective noradrenergic denervation in Parkinson's disease with orthostatic hypotension"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Yehonatan","family":"Sharabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Imrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Pechnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-817719"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-006-0317-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02281111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199703063361004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-5-200009050-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.6.776"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.6.1140"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000113469"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.39.11.1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.8.1247"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000188052.69549.e4","article-title":"Neurocirculatory abnormalities in Parkinson disease with orthostatic hypotension. Independence from levodopa treatment","volume":"46","author":"Goldstein DS","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WNF.0000220822.80640.0D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002590050544"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(95)00002-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.66.2.432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01720361"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000065605.37863.C0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000172353.62657.8b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.104075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200301000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1986.168"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00502620"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"R142","article-title":"Yohimbine increases sympathetic nerve activity and norepinephrine spillover in normal volunteers","volume":"260","author":"Grossman E","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.67.2.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3282ef5fac"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-861415"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s102860200005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4347(93)E0430-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1990.tb01909.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000058766.46428.F3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","first-page":"1775","article-title":"Cardiac and extra\u2010cardiac sympathetic denervation in Parkinson disease with orthostatic hypotension and in pure autonomic failure","volume":"46","author":"Tipre DN","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02984609"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.1991.tb00740.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000052690.91036.FF"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050693"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2005.tb00097.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-008-0457-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260410"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","first-page":"1769","article-title":"PET measurement of cardiac and nigrostriatal denervation in parkinsonian syndromes","volume":"47","author":"Raffel DM","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-006-0160-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1995.268.1.R278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00407.x"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.22226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.22226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:17:00Z","timestamp":1760969820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.22226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,25]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.22226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.22226","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,25]]}}}