{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:55:21Z","timestamp":1791143721434,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,21]],"date-time":"2008-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1227225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Incorporated Investigator-Initiated Trial Program research"},{"name":"Parkinson's Disease Research Center of Excellence","award":["NIH P50-NS-58377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH P50-NS-58377"]}]},{"name":"General Clinical Research Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NIH M01-RR00052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH M01-RR00052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Donna Jeanne Gault Baumann Fund"},{"name":"Weldon Hall Trust"},{"name":"Parkinson's Disease Foundation Student Fellowship Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Executive dysfunction (ED) is a prominent and often disabling feature of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). Few studies have examined treatments. Given the role of noradrenergic pathology in ED, atomoxetine, a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor indicated for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), may be a potential treatment for PD\u2010related ED. Twelve patients with PD and disabling ED completed an 8\u2010week pilot open\u2010label, flexible dose (25\u2013100 mg\/day) trial of atomoxetine. On primary outcome measures, atomoxetine was associated with improved ED based on the Clinical Global Impression\u2010Change Scale (75% positive response rate; 95% CI: 43\u201395%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 05) and behavioral measures of ED [Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBE) Executive Dysfunction and Connors Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) inattention\/memory subscales]. Adverse effects included sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances and hypomania. Atomoxetine is tolerable in PD and may benefit clinical manifestations of ED, warranting further study in controlled trials. \u00a9 2008 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,21]],"date-time":"2008-11-21T15:57:05Z","timestamp":1227283025000},"page":"277-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Atomoxetine for the treatment of executive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: A pilot open\u2010label study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Marsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Biglan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Gerstenhaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James 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