{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:31:48Z","timestamp":1777725108353,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]],"date-time":"2009-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1239062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dementia is a frequent non\u2010motor feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been associated with both cognitive impairment and dementia. Increased Hcy levels have been observed in levodopa\u2010treated patients with PD. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between plasma Hcy levels and dementia in PD. We performed a multicenter cross\u2010sectional study on patients with PD with (PDD) and without (PDnD) dementia and age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls. We compared Hcy levels in patients with PDD and PDnD and healthy controls, and we performed logistic regression analysis to search for an association between the presence of dementia and increased Hcy levels in PD. Patients with PD (121), PDD (42), and PDnD (79), and age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls (154) were enrolled. Hcy levels were higher in patients with PD compared to controls (17.5 \u03bcmol\/L \u00b1 10.2 vs. 11 \u00b1 4.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.00001). Among patients with PD, Hcy levels were higher in the PDD group compared to the PDnD group (20.7 \u03bcmol\/L \u00b1 12.1 vs. 15.8 \u00b1 8.5; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002). In a multivariate logistic regression model, higher Hcy levels [Odds ratios comparing the top (&gt;18.9 \u03bcmol\/L) with the bottom tertile (&lt;12.4 \u03bcmol\/L): 3.68; 95% CI: 1.14\u201311.83] were significantly associated with dementia. These data support the association between elevated Hcylevels and the presence of dementia in PD. \u00a9 2009 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]],"date-time":"2009-04-07T16:38:02Z","timestamp":1239122282000},"page":"1028-1033","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Hyperhomocysteinemia in levodopa\u2010treated patients with Parkinson's disease dementia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Zoccolella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"dell'Aquila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Abruzzese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Antonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ubaldo","family":"Bonuccelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Canesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvano","family":"Cristina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Marchese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Pacchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Zagaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Logroscino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Defazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Lamberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Livrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70373-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21677"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21956"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1997.00550150024011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb06891.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(199910)14:10<866::AID-GPS38>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.1.114","article-title":"Homocysteine, 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