{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:38:13Z","timestamp":1783471093365,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]],"date-time":"2010-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1269820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently used in the evaluation of various extrapyramidal disorders. Among the plethora of MRI features in Wilson's disease (WD), only \u201cface of the giant panda\u201d sign has been recognized to distinguish WD from other early onset extrapyramidal disorders (EOEPD). To ascertain the value of various MRI features in differentiating neuropsychiatric form of WD from other EOEPD. This retrospective analysis included 100 patients (M:F = 56:44) of EOEPD (5\u201340 years), who had undergone MRI during Jan'03 to Nov'08. Their clinical features were recorded and the following MR sequences were analyzed: T1WI, T2WI, FLAIR. Fifty\u2010six patients had WD (M:F = 28:30, age at onset: 14 \u00b1 6.8 years) and 44 had other EOEPD (M:F = 27:17, age at onset: 19 \u00b1 9.8 years) that included Huntington's disease\u20104, young\u2010onset Parkinson's disease\u20107, mitochondrial disorders\u20102, Hallervorden\u2010Spatz disease\u20108, non\u2010Wilsonian hepatolenticular degeneration\u20102, toxic\/metabolic disorder\u20101, and others\u201020. The duration of illness at the time of MRI was comparable (WD: 3.1 \u00b1 4.9 years; Other EOEPD: 2.8 \u00b1 2.4 years). MR signal characteristics varied in topography and severity in both the groups. All the patients of WD had signal abnormalities in MRI, as against 16\/44 of the other EOEPD group. The following MR observations were noted exclusively in WD: \u201cFace of giant panda\u201d sign (14.3%), tectal plate hyperintensity (75%), central pontine myelinolysis (CPM)\u2010like abnormalities (62.5%), and concurrent signal changes in basal ganglia, thalamus, and brainstem (55.3%). Besides \u201cFace of giant panda\u201d sign, hyperintensities in tectal\u2010plate and central pons (CPM\u2010like), and simultaneous involvement of basal ganglia, thalamus, and brainstem are virtually pathognomonic of WD. \u00a9 2010 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]],"date-time":"2010-03-29T15:56:20Z","timestamp":1269878180000},"page":"672-678","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Do MRI features distinguish Wilson's disease from other early onset extrapyramidal disorders? An analysis of 100 cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"L.K.","family":"Prashanth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.B.","family":"Taly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.K.","family":"Vasudev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e318045a00e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"197","article-title":"Chelation treatment of neurological Wilson's disease","volume":"86","author":"Walshe JM","year":"1993","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.026310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0221-0363(05)81357-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.13.2.8460220"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-006-0101-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1991.00530240091029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.1.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"1365","article-title":"The diagnosis of Huntington's disease","volume":"348","author":"Folstein SE","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.10.2059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"845","article-title":"MR imaging of CNS involvement in children affected by chronic liver disease","volume":"21","author":"Genovese E","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00588068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.167.6.8956601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000134793.50831.C1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2003.00661.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1080\/02841859709172059","article-title":"MR findings in Wilson's disease","volume":"38","author":"Saatci I","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","first-page":"2021","article-title":"Cranial MR in Wilson disease: abnormal white matter in extrapyramidal and pyramidal tracts","volume":"16","author":"van Wassenaer\u2010van Hall HN","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2007.00120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in Huntington disease","volume":"7","author":"Simmons JT","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540010013010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.7.624"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.6.1064"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.045906"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.22689","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.22689","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:27:33Z","timestamp":1760970453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.22689"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,26]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.22689"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.22689","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,26]]}}}