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In this article we provide a detailed analysis of the literature from the period that demonstrates that Parkinsonism was not initially part of acute EL symptomatology, that PEP was not typically the prevailing type of chronic EL and that oculogyric crises were never part of acute EL symptomatology and not initially associated with PEP. The second paper uses these finding, and also examines the clinical justifications for concluding that all patients with PEP had prior acute episodes of EL, to reevaluate the presumed direct etiologic relationship between EL and PEP. \u00a9 2010 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,14]],"date-time":"2010-05-14T12:42:15Z","timestamp":1273840935000},"page":"1124-1130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Does the historical literature on encephalitis lethargica support a simple (direct) relationship with postencephalitic Parkinsonism?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Joel A.","family":"Vilensky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sid","family":"Gilman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherman","family":"McCall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"251","volume-title":"Die Encephalitis lethargica, ihre Nachkrankheiten und ihre Behardlung","author":"von Economo C","year":"1929"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/110.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.44.8.670"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","first-page":"581","article-title":"Encephalitis lethargica","volume":"30","author":"von Economo C","year":"1917","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","first-page":"866","article-title":"Neue beitr\u00e4ge zur encephalitis lethargica","volume":"5","author":"von Economo C","year":"1917","journal-title":"Neurol Centralblatt"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","first-page":"337","article-title":"Encephalite lethargique epidemique","author":"Netter A","year":"1918","journal-title":"Bull Acad Natl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","first-page":"74","volume-title":"Report of an enquiry into an obscure disease, encephalitis lethargica. 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