{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T21:04:04Z","timestamp":1769547844255,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]],"date-time":"2011-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This report presents the results of 2 randomized trials\u2014Rembrandt and Vermeer\u2014on the efficacy and safety of pardoprunox in patients with early Parkinson's disease. Patients with Parkinson's disease with a Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale\u2013Motor score \u2265 10 and modified Hoehn and Yahr stage \u2264 3 were randomized to pardoprunox (fixed doses of 6 mg\/day [n = 115] or 12 mg\/day [n = 118] or a flexible\u2010dose range of 12\u201342 mg\/day [n = 116]) or placebo (n = 119) in Rembrandt and pardoprunox 12\u201342 mg\/day (n = 108), pramipexole 1.5\u20134.5 mg\/day (n = 116), or placebo (n = 110) in Vermeer. Pardoprunox showed a significant benefit over placebo in the primary efficacy variable, least\u2010square mean change from baseline in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale\u2013Motor score: Rembrandt\u2014fixed doses of 6 and 12 mg\/day, \u22126.0 and \u22124.7 points, respectively; flexible\u2010dose 12\u201342 mg\/day, \u22125.5 points; placebo, \u22122.9 points; Vermeer\u2014flexible\u2010dose 12\u201342 mg\/day, \u22124.9 points; placebo, \u22122.5 points; pramipexole, \u22125.7 points. No minimum effective dose was established. Secondary efficacy parameters supported the results of the primary efficacy variable. Pardoprunox tolerability was dose related: flexible\u2010dose 12\u201342 mg\/day showed the highest dropout rate due to treatment\u2010emergent adverse events (Rembrandt, 56.0%; Vermeer, 46.3%) and overall incidence of treatment\u2010emergent adverse events (Rembrandt, 97.4%; Vermeer, 92.6%), primarily due to nausea, somnolence, and dizziness. Because pardoprunox showed similar efficacy across all dose groups, these observations suggest that the 12\u201342 mg\/day dose range was higher than therapeutically required. Furthermore, the early onset of treatment\u2010emergent adverse events and dropouts observed for pardoprunox suggest that titration was too rapid. Pardoprunox significantly improved motor symptoms in patients with early Parkinson's disease, but further investigation into the dose and titration schedule is required to improve tolerability. \u00a9 2011 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]],"date-time":"2011-05-03T11:04:29Z","timestamp":1304420669000},"page":"1464-1476","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Pardoprunox in early Parkinson's disease: Results from 2 large, randomized double\u2010blind trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Bronzova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony E.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Rascol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serge V.","family":"van de Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"and Ad","family":"Theeuwes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the Rembrandt\/Vermeer Study Groups","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.22.1.123"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Parkinson's Disease (Solvay Pharmaceutical Research Symposium)","author":"McCreary AC","year":"2002"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","first-page":"P16","article-title":"Full (ropinirole) and partial (SLV308) dopamine agonists and the relationship to dyskinesia priming in MPTP\u2010treated marmosets","volume":"20","author":"Johnston LC","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov Disord."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22948"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000216839"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank, London: overview and research","volume":"39","author":"Daniel SE","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neural Transm Suppl."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.5.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02260863"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.2.393"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.15.1931"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.5.676"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.5.863"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-199110000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870090512"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20330"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.05.030"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.23590","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.23590","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:38:09Z","timestamp":1760960289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.23590"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.23590"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.23590","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]]}}}