{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T16:30:27Z","timestamp":1775061027433,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,2]],"date-time":"2011-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1299024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychological abnormalities, including anxiety, have been observed in patients with musician's dystonia (MD). It is unclear if these conditions develop prior to MD or if they are psychoreactive phenomena.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychological conditions were studied in 44 professional musicians with MD, 45 healthy musicians, and 44 healthy nonmusicians using the State\u2010Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and NEO Five\u2010Factor Inventory (NEO\u2010FFI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Musicians with MD had significantly higher STAI state and trait anxiety scores than healthy musicians (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .009 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .012, respectively) and nonmusicians (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .013 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .001, respectively) and significantly higher NEO\u2010FFI neuroticism scores than healthy musicians (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .018) and nonmusicians (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .001). Duration of dystonia did not correlate with anxiety or neuroticism scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Musicians with MD display increased levels of anxiety and neuroticism. The lack of correlation between anxiety and the duration of dystonia suggests that anxiety may not be a psychoreactive phenomenon and is consistent with the hypothesis that anxiety and MD share a common pathophysiological mechanism. \u00a9 2011 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,2]],"date-time":"2011-03-02T23:27:51Z","timestamp":1299108471000},"page":"539-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Musician's dystonia and comorbid anxiety: Two sides of one coin?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Leonie","family":"Enders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"June 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