{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:38:28Z","timestamp":1761007108706,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,24]],"date-time":"2011-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>It has been proposed that olfactory tests and metaiodobenzylguanidine cardiac scintigraphy may help diagnose idiopathic Parkinson's disease in the premotor phase. However, it is not clear what value these tests have in all patients with Parkinson's disease and, particularly, in those who carry mutations in <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>. The objective was to analyze olfactory dysfunction and the changes in cardiac I\u2010metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake in patients with Parkinson's disease carrying the R1441G and G2019S mutations in <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>, and in patients with Parkinson's disease with no known mutations. Patients with Parkinson's disease were screened for R1441G and G2019S <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic> gene mutations and classified as <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic> mutation carriers or noncarriers. A total of 190 patients with Parkinson's disease (44 <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic> mutation carriers) were tested for olfactory dysfunction using the Brief Smell Identification Test. Cardiac <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy was performed on 90 patients with Parkinson's disease (27 <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic> mutation carriers). Thirty\u2010six percent of patients with <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic> mutations have hyposmia, compared to 75% of noncarrier patients with Parkinson's disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). Sixty\u2010six percent of <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic> mutation carriers have low early metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake, compared to 86% of noncarriers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .048). Similarly, the heart\/mediastinum ratio in delayed metaiodobenzylguanidine images appeared to differ between these groups of patients with Parkinson's disease, although these results did not reach statistical significance. The data obtained indicate that olfactory and cardiac impairment is less prevalent when Parkinson's disease is associated with mutations in <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>, although the underlying mechanisms for this difference remain unclear. Thus, such screening would be less useful to detect the premotor phase in asymptomatic relatives who carry mutations in <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic> than in cases not associated with <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2011 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]],"date-time":"2011-05-25T06:44:43Z","timestamp":1306305883000},"page":"2026-2031","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Olfactory deficits and cardiac <sup>123<\/sup>I\u2010MIBG in Parkinson's disease related to the <i>LRRK2<\/i> R1441G and G2019S 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