{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T05:33:41Z","timestamp":1761975221295,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,28]],"date-time":"2011-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathology of essential tremor is increasingly being studied; however, there are limited studies of biochemical changes in this condition. We studied several candidate biochemical\/anatomical systems in the brain stem, striatum, and cerebellum of 23 essential tremor subjects who came to autopsy, comparing them with a control population. Striatal tyrosine hydroxylase, a marker of dopaminergic neurons, was 91.7 \u00b1 113.2 versus 96.4 \u00b1 102.7 ng\/mg (not significant) in cases and controls, respectively. Locus coeruleus dopamine beta\u2010hydroxylase, a marker of noradrenergic neurons, was not significantly different between the essential tremor and control groups. Parvalbumin, a marker of GABAergic neurons, was 199.3 \u00b1 42.0 versus 251.4 \u00b1 74.8 ng\/mg (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .025) in the pons in the region of the locus coeruleus of essential tremor subjects versus controls, whereas there was no difference in cerebellar parvalbumin. These results are supportive of a possible role for reduced GABAergic function in the locus coeruleus in essential tremor. The hypothesis that essential tremor represents early Parkinson's disease was not supported, as striatal dopaminergic markers were not reduced compared with control subjects. \u00a9 2011 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.24004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,28]],"date-time":"2011-10-28T17:03:02Z","timestamp":1319821382000},"page":"113-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Brain biochemistry in autopsied patients with essential tremor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Holly A.","family":"Shill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Adler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Beach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lih\u2010Fen","family":"Lue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John N.","family":"Caviness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marwan N.","family":"Sabbagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia I.","family":"Sue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas G.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2007.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm266"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000310425.76205.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.8.1074"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-008-0345-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"A302","article-title":"Increased noradrenaline levels in essential tremor brain","volume":"56","author":"Rajput A","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000163769.28552.CD"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"A100","article-title":"GABAa receptor alpha protein is increased in the cerebellar cortex of essential tremor patients","volume":"72","author":"Rajput A","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders","author":"Fahn S","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"S7","article-title":"Criteria for the diagnosis of essential tremor","volume":"54","author":"Bain P","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Consensus statement of the Movement Disorder Society on Tremor. 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