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We discuss surgical treatment options for this group of diverse conditions, including tardive dystonia, dystonic cerebral palsy, and certain heredodegenerative diseases in which deep brain stimulation and ablative lesions of the posteroventral pallidum have been shown to be effective. Other types of secondary dystonia respond less well to pallidal surgery, particularly when anatomical lesions of the basal ganglia are prominent on preoperative imaging. For these conditions, central baclofen delivery and botulinum toxin denervation may be considered. With optimal medical and surgical care, some patients with secondary dystonia have achieved reductions in disability and pain that approach those documented for primary dystonia. \u00a9 2012 <jats:italic>Movement<\/jats:italic> Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,4]],"date-time":"2012-10-04T09:32:50Z","timestamp":1349343170000},"page":"1598-1605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Surgical treatment for secondary dystonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Travis S.","family":"Tierney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres 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