{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T10:35:02Z","timestamp":1787999702520,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]],"date-time":"2012-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Benign tremulous parkinsonism, a tremor dominant syndrome with a relatively slow rate of deterioration, is recognized by clinicians although its pathological basis is not well understood. A systematic review of Queen Square Brain Bank donors was carried out to determine the natural history and pathology of individuals who had tremor dominant parkinsonism with mild non\u2010tremor components and minimal gait disability for at least 8 years. We identified 16 cases of pathologically proved benign tremulous Parkinson's disease (PD); another 5 individuals conformed to the definition but did not have the pathology of PD. Patients with verified benign tremulous PD had less severe neuronal loss in the substantia nigra than controls (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .003). Twelve of these had been correctly diagnosed with PD at their first neurological evaluation, whereas the other 4 were originally thought to have another tremor disorder. The only consistent distinguishing feature of the 5 pathologically disproved cases, who may have had either essential tremor with associated rest tremor or dystonic tremor, was a failure to develop unequivocal bradykinesia within a decade of onset of tremor at rest. Our findings support the existence of a distinct subgroup of benign tremulous PD. The slower rate of clinical progression correlates with less severe nigral cell loss at postmortem, although many of these patients transgress the benign tremulous parkinsonism definition by the final third of their disease course and develop the common features of advanced PD. \u00a9 2012 Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,13]],"date-time":"2012-12-13T17:08:24Z","timestamp":1355418504000},"page":"145-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Neuropathological findings in benign tremulous Parkinsonism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Marianna","family":"Selikhova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders and Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Russian State Medical University Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Kempster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders and Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies University College London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Neurosciences Department Monash Medical Centre and Department of Medicine Monash University Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamas","family":"Revesz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders and Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice L.","family":"Holton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders and Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Lees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders and Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies University College London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.3.354"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21771"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Baysal AI. 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