{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T03:24:30Z","timestamp":1784690670796,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,26]],"date-time":"2013-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Musician's dystonia (MD) affects 1% to 2% of professional musicians and frequently terminates performance careers. It is characterized by loss of voluntary motor control when playing the instrument. Little is known about genetic risk factors, although MD or writer's dystonia (WD) occurs in relatives of 20% of MD patients. We conducted a 2\u2010stage genome\u2010wide association study in whites. Genotypes at 557,620 single\u2010nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) passed stringent quality control for 127 patients and 984 controls. Ten SNPs revealed <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u200910<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup> and entered the replication phase including 116 MD patients and 125 healthy musicians. A genome\u2010wide significant SNP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20095 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>) was also genotyped in 208 German or Dutch WD patients, 1,969 Caucasian, Spanish, and Japanese patients with other forms of focal or segmental dystonia as well as in 2,233 ethnically matched controls. Genome\u2010wide significance with MD was observed for an intronic variant in the arylsulfatase G (<jats:italic>ARSG<\/jats:italic>) gene (rs11655081; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093.95 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22129<\/jats:sup>; odds ratio [OR], 4.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.66\u20107.05). rs11655081 was also associated with WD (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.78 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) but not with any other focal or segmental dystonia. The allele frequency of rs11655081 varies substantially between different populations. The population stratification in our sample was modest (\u03bb\u2009=\u20091.07), but the effect size may be overestimated. Using a small but homogenous patient sample, we provide data for a possible association of <jats:italic>ARSG<\/jats:italic> with MD. The variant may also contribute to the risk of WD, a form of dystonia that is often found in relatives of MD patients. \u00a9 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,26]],"date-time":"2013-12-26T10:13:37Z","timestamp":1388052817000},"page":"921-927","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Genome\u2010wide association study in musician's dystonia: A risk variant at the arylsulfatase G locus?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Katja","family":"Lohmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurogenetics, University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurogenetics, University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Schillert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susen","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurogenetics, University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Albanese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Catholic University and Carlo Besta National Neurological Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Baas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Genome Analysis Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna 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Sorbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Catholic University and Carlo Besta National Neurological Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Deuschl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders UCL Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Gasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of T\u00fcbingen and German Center for Neurodegenerative diseases (DZNE) T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Garre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurofisiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla CIBERNED Seville Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurogenetics, University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justus L.","family":"Groen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Genome Analysis Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Gr\u00fcnewald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of 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Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Kaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Institute of Health\u2010Biosciences, University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meike","family":"Kasten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurogenetics, University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"},{"name":"Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of L\u00fcbeck L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideshi","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology at the Research Institute for Radiation Biology &amp; Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir S.","family":"Kostic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology 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