{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:24:37Z","timestamp":1760955877214,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,17]],"date-time":"2014-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>For patients with deep brain stimulators (DBS), local absorbed radiofrequency (RF) power is unknown and is much higher than what the system estimates. We developed a comprehensive, high\u2010quality brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol for DBS patients utilizing three\u2010dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance sequences at very low RF power.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six patients with DBS were imaged (10 sessions) using a transmit\/receive head coil at 1.5 Tesla with modified 3D sequences within ultra\u2010low specific absorption rate (SAR) limits (0.1 W\/kg) using T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, fast fluid\u2010attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010weighted image contrast. Tissue signal and tissue contrast from the low\u2010SAR images were subjectively and objectively compared with routine clinical images of six age\u2010matched controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010SAR images of DBS patients demonstrated tissue contrast comparable to high\u2010SAR images and were of diagnostic quality except for slightly reduced signal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although preliminary, we demonstrated diagnostic quality brain MRI with optimized, volumetric sequences in DBS patients within very conservative RF safety guidelines offering a greater safety margin. \u00a9 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,17]],"date-time":"2014-01-17T12:37:28Z","timestamp":1389962248000},"page":"546-549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Three\u2010dimensional brain MRI for DBS patients within ultra\u2010low radiofrequency power limits"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Subhendra N.","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efstathios","family":"Papavassiliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Hackney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Alsop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludy C.","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ananth J.","family":"Madhuranthakam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Science Laboratory GE Healthcare Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reed F.","family":"Busse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Science Laboratory GE Healthcare Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"La Ruche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafeeque A.","family":"Bhadelia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49604.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-6081-7_30","article-title":"MR safety in patients with implanted deep brain stimulation systems (DBS)","volume":"87","author":"Sharan A","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10069"},{"volume-title":"Medtronic. 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