{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:58:02Z","timestamp":1787842682960,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The discovery of novel plasma\u2010based biomarkers could lead to new approaches in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we explore the role of plasma apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) as a risk marker for PD and evaluate the influence of <jats:italic>APOA1<\/jats:italic> promoter variation on plasma ApoA1 levels. Plasma ApoA1 and the single\u2010nucleotide polymorphism, rs670, were assayed in a discovery cohort (cohort 1) of 301 PD patients, 80 normal controls (NCs), and 165 subjects with other neurodegenerative diseases, as well as a cohort (cohort 2) of 158 PD patients from a second clinical site. Additionally, rs670 was genotyped in a third cohort of 1,494 PD and 925 NC subjects from both clinical sites. Compared to both normal and disease controls, PD patients have lower plasma ApoA1 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for both comparisons). Moreover, in PD patients, plasma ApoA1 levels are correlated with genotype at the <jats:italic>APOA1<\/jats:italic> promoter polymorphism, rs670. Specifically, lower plasma ApoA1 levels were found in rs670 major allele (G) homozygotes in both cohort 1 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) and in a replication cohort (cohort 2; n\u2009=\u2009158 PD patients; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024). Finally, evaluating rs670 genotype frequencies in 1,930 PD cases versus 997 NCs, the rs670 GG genotype shows a trend toward association (odds ratio: 1.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.10) with PD. Our results are compatible with a model whereby circulating ApoA1 levels may be useful in risk\u2010stratifying subjects for the development of PD, with higher ApoA1 levels suggesting relative protection. Future studies evaluating modulation of ApoA1 as a novel therapeutic strategy in PD are warranted. \u00a9 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T10:34:07Z","timestamp":1410863647000},"page":"805-812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Lower plasma apolipoprotein A1 levels are found in Parkinson's disease and associate with apolipoprotein A1 genotype"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Christine R.","family":"Swanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis L.","family":"Unger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Group Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivianna M.","family":"Van Deerlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinky","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Booth Gardner Parkinson's Care Center Evergreen Hospital Medical Center Kirkland Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Leverenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Ruvo Center for Brain Health Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Mason Medical Center Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Samii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Department of Neurology University of Washington Seattle Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Q.","family":"Trojanowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrus","family":"Zabetian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Department of Neurology University of Washington Seattle Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice S.","family":"Chen\u2010Plotkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 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